Multi-proxy dating of Iceland’s major pre-settlement Katla eruption to 822–823 CE
2017; Geological Society of America; Volume: 45; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1130/g39269.1
ISSN1943-2682
AutoresUlf Büntgen, Ólafur Eggertsson, Lukas Wacker, Michael Sigl, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, Nicola Di Cosmo, Gill Plunkett, Paul J. Krusic, Timothy P. Newfield, Jan Esper, Christine Lane, Frederick Reinig, Clive Oppenheimer,
Tópico(s)Aeolian processes and effects
ResumoResearch Article| June 29, 2017 Multi-proxy dating of Iceland's major pre-settlement Katla eruption to 822–823 CE Ulf Büntgen; Ulf Büntgen * 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland3Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic *E-mail: ulf.buentgen@geog.cam.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ólafur Eggertsson; Ólafur Eggertsson 4Icelandic Forest Research Mógilsá, 116 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Lukas Wacker; Lukas Wacker 5Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Michael Sigl; Michael Sigl 6Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist; Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist 7Department of History, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden8Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Nicola Di Cosmo; Nicola Di Cosmo 9Institute for Advanced Study, School of Historical Studies, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Gill Plunkett; Gill Plunkett 10School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Paul J. Krusic; Paul J. Krusic 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK11Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Timothy P. Newfield; Timothy P. Newfield 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jan Esper; Jan Esper 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK3Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Christine Lane; Christine Lane 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Frederick Reinig; Frederick Reinig 2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Clive Oppenheimer Clive Oppenheimer 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Ulf Büntgen * 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland3Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Ólafur Eggertsson 4Icelandic Forest Research Mógilsá, 116 Reykjavik, Iceland Lukas Wacker 5Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland Michael Sigl 6Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist 7Department of History, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden8Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden Nicola Di Cosmo 9Institute for Advanced Study, School of Historical Studies, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA Gill Plunkett 10School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK Paul J. Krusic 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK11Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden Timothy P. Newfield 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Jan Esper 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK3Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Christine Lane 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK Frederick Reinig 2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Clive Oppenheimer 1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK *E-mail: ulf.buentgen@geog.cam.ac.uk Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 08 Mar 2017 Revision Received: 26 Apr 2017 Accepted: 03 May 2017 First Online: 29 Jun 2017 Online Issn: 1943-2682 Print Issn: 0091-7613 © 2017 Geological Society of America Geology (2017) 45 (9): 783–786. https://doi.org/10.1130/G39269.1 Article history Received: 08 Mar 2017 Revision Received: 26 Apr 2017 Accepted: 03 May 2017 First Online: 29 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Ulf Büntgen, Ólafur Eggertsson, Lukas Wacker, Michael Sigl, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, Nicola Di Cosmo, Gill Plunkett, Paul J. Krusic, Timothy P. Newfield, Jan Esper, Christine Lane, Frederick Reinig, Clive Oppenheimer; Multi-proxy dating of Iceland's major pre-settlement Katla eruption to 822–823 CE. Geology 2017;; 45 (9): 783–786. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G39269.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Investigations of the impacts of past volcanic eruptions on climate, environment, and society require accurate chronologies. However, eruptions that are not recorded in historical documents can seldom be dated exactly. Here we use annually resolved radiocarbon (14C) measurements to isolate the 775 CE cosmogenic 14C peak in a subfossil birch tree that was buried by a glacial outburst flood in southern Iceland. We employ this absolute time marker to date a subglacial eruption of Katla volcano at late 822 CE to early 823 CE. We argue for correlation between the 822–823 CE eruption and a conspicuous sulfur anomaly evident in Greenland ice cores, which follows in the wake of an even larger volcanic signal (ca. 818–820 CE) as yet not attributed to a known eruption. An abrupt summer cooling in 824 CE, evident in tree-ring reconstructions for Fennoscandia and the Northern Hemisphere, suggests a climatic response to the Katla eruption. Written historical sources from Europe and China corroborate our proposed tree ring–radiocarbon–ice core linkage but also point to combined effects of eruptions occurring during this period. Our study describes the oldest precisely dated, high-latitude eruption and reveals the impact of an extended phase of volcanic forcing in the early 9th century. It also provides insight into the existence of prehistoric woodland cover and the nature of volcanism several decades before Iceland's permanent settlement began. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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