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Biodiversity conservation gaps in the Brazilian protected areas

2017; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 7; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41598-017-08707-2

2045-2322

Ubirajara Oliveira, Britaldo Soares‐Filho, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Antônio D. Brescovit, Cláudio José Barros de Carvalho, Daniel Paiva Silva, Daniella Teixeira de Rezende, Felipe Sá Fortes Leite, João A. N. Batista, João Paulo Peixoto Pena Barbosa, João Renato Stehmann, John S. Ascher, Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos, Paulo de Marco Júnior, Peter Löwenberg‐Neto, Viviane Gianluppi Ferro, Adalberto J. Santos,

Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management

Abstract Although Brazil is a megadiverse country and thus a conservation priority, no study has yet quantified conservation gaps in the Brazilian protected areas (PAs) using extensive empirical data. Here, we evaluate the degree of biodiversity protection and knowledge within all the Brazilian PAs through a gap analysis of vertebrate, arthropod and angiosperm occurrences and phylogenetic data. Our results show that the knowledge on biodiversity in most Brazilian PAs remain scant as 71% of PAs have less than 0.01 species records per km 2 . Almost 55% of Brazilian species and about 40% of evolutionary lineages are not found in PAs, while most species have less than 30% of their geographic distribution within PAs. Moreover, the current PA network fails to protect the majority of endemic species. Most importantly, these results are similar for all taxonomic groups analysed here. The methods and results of our countrywide assessment are suggested to help design further inventories in order to map and secure the key biodiversity of the Brazilian PAs. In addition, our study illustrates the most common biodiversity knowledge shortfalls in the tropics.