Deglaciation of the Gulf of Finland and adjoining areas
1986; Geological Society of Finland; Volume: 58; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.17741/bgsf/58.2.003
ISSN1799-4632
Autores Tópico(s)Marine and environmental studies
ResumoThe territory of Estonia was freed from the continental ice in Gothiglacial time during a time span lasting approximately 2000 years.The ice cover began to retreat from the maximum distribution area of the Haanja belt about 13 000 years ago, from the Otepää-Karula belt about 12 600 years ago, from the Sakala belt about 12 250 years ago, and from the Pandivere belt about 12 050 years ago.What is now Estonia was finally cleared of ice about 11 000 years ago, but before the glaciers temporarily reinvaded the West Estonian Archipelago and northwestern Estonia approximately 11 200 years ago.This Palivere belt is well marked with marginal eskers and fluvioglacial deltas and can be traced from the distribution of indicator boulders.Late-glacial sections in northern Estonia exhibit varved clays, massive clays and silts.They contain abundant rebedded pollen, complicating their stratigraphical subdivision and correlation with Finnish sections.All the complexes overlying the till started to accumulate in the Older Dryas or the Alleröd.Big fields of dead ice formed after the readvance of the glacier from the Palivere belt and probably the whole of the Gulf of Finland was occupied by dead ice blocks.Deglaciation in Finland started before the ice blocks melted, and therefore we see no discrepancy between our data and the deglaciation chronology presented in Finland by J. Donner (e.g.1978).
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