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Biogenic silver nanoparticles inducing Leishmania amazonensis promastigote and amastigote death in vitro

2017; Elsevier BV; Volume: 178; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.10.027

1873-6254

Jacqueline Rodrigues Fanti, Fernanda Tomiotto‐Pellissier, Milena Menegazzo Miranda-Sapla, Allan Henrique Depieri Cataneo, Célia Guadalupe Tardeli de Jesus Andrade, Carolina Panis, Jean Henrique da Silva Rodrigues, Pryscilla Fanini Wowk, Diogo Kuczera, Idessânia Nazareth Costa, Celso Vataru Nakamura, Gerson Nakazato, Nélson Durán, Wander Rogério Pavanelli, Ivete Conchon‐Costa,

Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is a zoonosis caused by Leishmania protozoa. The ACL chemotherapy available is unsatisfactory motivating researches to seek alternative treatments. In this study, we investigated the action of biogenic silver nanoparticle (AgNp-bio) obtained from Fusarium oxysporium, against Leishmania amazonensis promastigote and amastigote forms. The AgNp-bio promastigote treatment results in promastigote death leading to apoptosis-like events due an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial integrity, phosphatidylserine exposure and damage on promastigotes membrane. In L. amazonensis infected macrophages, AgNp-bio treatment was still able to reduce the percentage of infected macrophages and the amount of amastigotes per macrophage, consequently, the amount of promastigotes recovered. This leishmanicidal effect was also accompanied by a decrease in the levels of ROS and nitric oxide. By observing the ultrastructural integrity of the intracellular amastigotes, we found that the AgNp-bio treatment made a significant damage, suggesting that the compound has a direct effect on intracellular amastigotes. These results demonstrated that AgNp-bio had a direct effect against L. amazonensis forms and acted on immunomodulatory ability of infected macrophages, reducing the infection without inducing the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, which continuous stimulation can generate and aggravate leishmaniotic lesions. Overall, our findings suggest that the use of AgNp-bio stands out as a new therapeutic option to be considered for further in vivo investigations representing a possible treatment for ACL.