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A 48‐Hour Vegan Diet Challenge in Healthy Women and Men Induces a BRANCH‐Chain Amino Acid Related, Health Associated, Metabolic Signature

2017; Wiley; Volume: 62; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/mnfr.201700703

1613-4133

Colleen Fogarty Draper, Irene Vassallo, Alessandro Di Cara, Cristiana Milone, Ornella Comminetti, Irina Monnard, Jean‐Philippe Godin, Max Scherer, Mingming Su, Jia Wang, Seu‐Ping Guiraud, Fabienne Praplan, Laurence Guignard, Corinne Ammon Zufferey, Maya Shevlyakova, Nashmil Emami, Sofia Moco, Maurice Beaumont, Jim Kaput, François‐Pierre Martin,

Diet and metabolism studies

Research is limited on diet challenges to improve health. A short-term, vegan protein diet regimen nutritionally balanced in macronutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet is hypothesized to improve metabolic measurements of blood sugar regulation, blood lipids, and amino acid metabolism.This randomized, cross-over, controlled vegan versus animal diet challenge is conducted on 21 (11 female,10 male) healthy participants. Fasting plasma is measured during a 3 d diet intervention for clinical biochemistry and metabonomics. Intervention diet plans meet individual caloric needs. Meals are provided and supervised. Diet compliance is monitored.The vegan diet lowers triglycerides, insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), bile acids, elevated magnesium levels, and changed branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism (p < 0.05), potentiating insulin and blood sugar control after 48 h. Cholesterol control improves significantly in the vegan versus omnivorous diets. Plasma amino acid and magnesium concentrations positively correlate with dietary amino acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber inversely correlate with insulin, HOMA-IR, and triglycerides. Nutritional biochemistries, BCAAs, insulin, and HOMA-IR are impacted by sexual dimorphism. A health-promoting, BCAA-associated metabolic signature is produced from a short-term, healthy, controlled, vegan diet challenge when compared with a healthy, controlled, omnivorous diet.