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First Report of Colletotrichum theobromicola and C. siamense Causing Anthracnose on Cultivated and Wild Cassava Species in Brazil
2017; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-09-17-1502-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresSaulo Alves Santos de Oliveira, Leandro Lopes da Silva, Maria Selma Alves Silva Diamantino, Cláudia Fortes Ferreira,
Tópico(s)Banana Cultivation and Research
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 4First Report of Colletotrichum theobromicola and C. siamense Causing Anthracnose on Cultivated and Wild Cassava Species in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Colletotrichum theobromicola and C. siamense Causing Anthracnose on Cultivated and Wild Cassava Species in BrazilS. A. S. Oliveira, L. L. Silva, M. S. A. S. Diamantino, and C. F. FerreiraS. A. S. Oliveira†Corresponding author: S. A. S. Oliveira; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected], L. L. Silva, M. S. A. S. Diamantino, and C. F. FerreiraAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations S. A. S. Oliveira † , Embrapa Mandioca e Frticultura, Cruz das Almas, Brazil L. L. Silva , Universidade Federal do Recôncavo of Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Brazil M. S. A. S. Diamantino C. F. Ferreira , Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, Brazil. Published Online:20 Feb 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-17-1502-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Cassava is an important staple food crop in Brazil. Surveys were conducted during three seasons (2014 to 2016) to collect symptomatic stem and leaf samples of cultivated cassava in the Recôncavo Region of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Additionally, samples from 10 germplasm accessions of wild cassava species were also collected. Symptomatic tissues were disinfested with 70% ethanol (30 s), 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, and then washed with sterilized distilled water three times, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 24°C for 7 days with a 12-h photoperiod. A total of 94 isolates of Colletotrichum sp. were obtained from cultivated cassava and 15 from wild species. The genetic diversity of the isolates was accessed by rep-PCR (Mahuku and Riascos 2004), with the formation of three groups: group 1 with 101 isolates closely related with C. gloeosporioides and C. fructicola, and groups 2 and 3 with no correspondence with previous reported species, with five and three isolates, respectively. Four isolates (PPAM 08, PPAM 15, Ant 38CX, and Ant 44C19) were randomly selected for further characterization, being two of each group (2 and 3). Pathogenicity was assessed using detached cassava leaves inoculated with a 5-mm plug of PDA with sporulating fungal colonies. Both wounded (sterilized needle) and nonwounded tissues were inoculated. Ten leaves were inoculated by each method and 10 noninoculated served as controls. The leaves were incubated in a moist chamber at 25°C. Symptoms appeared on foliar tissues after 3 to 5 days. To confirm the species identity, DNA was extracted by the CTAB protocol (Murray and Thompson 1980) and sequences of GAPDH, CHS-1, and CAL genes were generated (Diao et al. 2017). The DNA sequences blasted against the GenBank database were 96 to 100% similar to C. siamense (PPAM 08 and PPAM 15), and to C. theobromicola (Ant 38CX and Ant 44C19). Phylogenetic analysis was further conducted based on Bayesian inference for each gene and the concatenated alignment and the same topology and clades were found. Generated sequences for isolates PPAM 08 (GAPDH: KP763688, CAL: KP763674, and CHS-1: KP763681) and PPAM 15 (GAPDH: KP763691, CAL: KP763677, and CHS-1: KP763683) were more than 98% similar to the ex-type strain CMM 4083 (GAPDH: KC517194 and CAL: KC517209) previously described as C. dianesei (Lima et al. 2013), but reclassified as C. siamense by Liu et al. (2016). PPAM08 and PPAM15 strains were isolated from wild cassava species. The conidia (n = 50) morphology on synthetic nutrient poor agar (SNA) was similar to C. siamense, with 11.3 to 19.2 (avg. 14.8) × 4.4 to 6.8 (avg. 5.7) µm. In contrast, Ant 38CX (GAPDH: MF465790 and CAL: MF465788) and Ant 44C19 (GAPDH: MF465789, CAL: MF465787, and CHS-1: MF465791) strains were more than 98% similar to the ex-type strain ICMP:17895 (GAPDH: JX010057, CAL: JX009600, and CHS-1: JX009828), being classified as C. theobromicola. Ant 38CX and Ant 44C19 strains were isolated from anthracnose disease in cultivated cassava. On SNA, conidia (n = 50) were 11.8 to 15.2 (avg. 13.5) × 3.7 to 5.8 (avg. 4.8) μm. The species C. theobromicola was described associated with anthracnose lesions in cacao (Rojas et al. 2010), and C. siamense with anthracnose in different hosts and tropical fruits (Lima et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2016). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. siamense causing anthracnose in two species of wild cassava (M. carthaginesis and M. tomentosa), and of C. theobromicola on cultivated cassava (M. esculenta) in Brazil.References:Diao, Y.-Z., et al. 2017. Persoonia 38:20. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158517X692788 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarLima, B. N., et al. 2013. Fungal Divers. 61:75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-013-0237-6 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarLiu, F., et al. 2016. Sci. Rep. 6:32761. Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMahuku, G. S., and Riascos, J. J. 2004. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110:253. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EJPP.0000019795.18984.74 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMurray, M. G., and Thompson, W. F. 1980. Nucleic Acids. Res. 8:4321. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarRojas, E. I., et al. 2010. Mycologia 102:1318. https://doi.org/10.3852/09-244 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 4 April 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 15 Mar 2018Published: 20 Feb 2018First Look: 14 Nov 2017Accepted: 10 Nov 2017 Pages: 819-819 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byOccurrence of Colletotrichum musicola Causing Anthracnose on Manihot esculentaStella de C. S. Machado, Josiene S. Veloso, Marcos P. S. Câmara, Fabrício Souza Campos, Jossimara F. Damascena, Talita P. de S. 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