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Karakteristik Ulkus Diabetikum pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di RSUD dr. Zainal Abidin dan RSUD Meuraxa Banda Aceh

2017; National Institute of Health Research and Development; Volume: 45; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Indonésio

10.22435/bpk.v45i3.6818.153-160

2338-3453

Eka Fitria, Abidah Nur, Nelly Marissa, Nur Ghaniaviyanto Ramadhan,

Pharmacology and Nanomedicine Research

Diabetic mellitus remains prevalent in the world. It is a condition of hyperglycemia which are at risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. One of diabetes complications is diabetic ulcers caused by loss of sensation of pain due to neuropathy. The research objective was to assess the characteristics of ulcers in diabetic patients in two general hospitals in Banda Aceh with cross sectional study design with purposive sampling. This study planned to observe a number of 215 diabetic patients. There were 57 people with diabetic ulcers including inpatients and outpatients in two general hospitals in Banda Aceh in the period November- December 2015. Observations were made to assess characteristics of ulcer sufferers. The result showed characteristics of Meggitt Wagner grade 1 ulcer criteria who were dominated by women. Other characteristics included the number of ulcer in only one place, location on foot, minimal exudate, such as a cliff-edged ulcer, skin around the ulcer has minimal inflammation in red pale, ulcer without pain and without maceration. Patients with diabetic ulcers should always observe hygiene, foot health and wound care.Keywords : Characteristic of diabetic ulcer, Diabetes Mellitus, neuropathy, foot careAbstrakDiabetes mellitus masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. DM merupakan kondisi meningkatnya kadar gula darah yang berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi makrovaskular dan mikrovaskular. Prevalensi DM terus meningkat di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu komplikasi DM adalah ulkus diabetikum yang terjadi akibat berkurangnya sensasi nyeri karena neuropati. Tujuan penelitian adalah menilai karakteristik ulkus pada penderita DM di dua rumah sakit umum KotaBanda Aceh. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah secara purposive. Penelitian ini direncanakan mengamati ulkus diabetikum pada 215 pasien DM. Sampel yang didapatkan berjumlah 57 orang penderita ulkus diabetikum yang dirawat dan berobat jalan di dua rumah sakit umum Banda Aceh periode November sampai Desember 2015. Pengamatan dilakukan untuk menilai karakteristik ulkus yang diderita oleh responden. Hasilpenelitian didapatkan karakteristik ulkus diabetikum kriteria Meggitt Wagner grade 1 didominasi oleh perempuan. Karakteristik lainnya berturut-turut adalah jumlah ulkus hanya pada satu tempat, lokasi di kaki, eksudat minimal, ulkus bertepi seperti tebing, kulit di sekitar ulkus dengan inflamasi minimal berwarna merah muda, ulkus tanpa nyeri dan tanpa maserasi. Penderita ulkus diabetikum hendaknya selalu memperhatikan kebersihan, kesehatan kaki dan melakukan perawatan luka.Kata kunci : Karakteristik ulkus diabetikum, Diabetes Mellitus, neuropati, perawatan kaki