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Phenotype and genotype analysis of a French cohort of 119 patients with CHARGE syndrome

2017; Wiley; Volume: 175; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/ajmg.c.31591

1552-4876

Marine Legendre, Véronique Abadie, Tania Attié‐Bitach, Nicole Philip, Tiffany Busa, Dominique Bonneau, Estelle Colin, Hélène Dollfus, Didier Lacombe, Annick Toutain, Sophie Blesson, Sophie Julia, Dominique Martin–Coignard, David Geneviève, Bruno Leheup, Sylvie Odent, Pierre‐Simon Jouk, Sandra Mercier, Laurence Faivre, Catherine Vincent‐Delorme, Christine Francannet, Sophie Naudion, Michèle Mathieu‐Dramard, Marie‐Ange Delrue, Alice Goldenberg, Delphine Héron, Philippe Parent, Renaud Touraine, Valérie Layet, Damien Sanlaville, Chloé Quēlin, Sébastien Moutton, Mélanie Fradin, Aurélia Jacquette, Sabine Sigaudy, Lucile Pinson, Pierre Sarda, Anne‐Marie Guerrot, Massimiliano Rossi, Alice Masurel‐Paulet, Salima El Chehadeh, X. Piguel, Montserrat Rodriguez‐Ballesteros, Stéphanie Ragot, Stanislas Lyonnet, Frédéric Bilan, Brigitte Gilbert‐Dussardier,

Otitis Media and Relapsing Polychondritis

CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a genetic disorder whose first description included Coloboma, Heart disease, Atresia of choanae, Retarded growth and development, Genital hypoplasia, and Ear anomalies and deafness, most often caused by a genetic mutation in the CHD7 gene. Two features were then added: semicircular canal anomalies and arhinencephaly/olfactory bulb agenesis, with classification of typical, partial, or atypical forms on the basis of major and minor clinical criteria. The detection rate of a pathogenic variant in the CHD7 gene varies from 67% to 90%. To try to have an overview of this heterogenous clinical condition and specify a genotype–phenotype relation, we conducted a national study of phenotype and genotype in 119 patients with CS. Selected clinical diagnostic criteria were from Verloes (2005), updated by Blake & Prasad ( ). Besides obtaining a detailed clinical description, when possible, patients underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, audiometry, temporal bone CT scan, gonadotropin analysis, and olfactory‐bulb MRI. All patients underwent CHD7 sequencing and MLPA analysis. We found a pathogenic CHD7 variant in 83% of typical CS cases and 58% of atypical cases. Pathogenic variants in the CHD7 gene were classified by the expected impact on the protein. In all, 90% of patients had a typical form of CS and 10% an atypical form. The most frequent features were deafness/semicircular canal hypoplasia (94%), pituitary defect/hypogonadism (89%), external ear anomalies (87%), square‐shaped face (81%), and arhinencephaly/anosmia (80%). Coloboma (73%), heart defects (65%), and choanal atresia (43%) were less frequent.