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Aptamer: A potential oligonucleotide nanomedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

2017; Impact Journals LLC; Volume: 9; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.18632/oncotarget.23359

1949-2553

Rusdina Bte Ladju, Devis Pascut, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Claudio Tiribelli, Caecilia Sukowati,

Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research

// Rusdina Bte Ladju 1, 2 , Devis Pascut 1 , Muhammad Nasrum Massi 2 , Claudio Tiribelli 1 and Caecilia H.C. Sukowati 1 1 Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy 2 Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia Correspondence to: Caecilia H.C. Sukowati, email: caecilia.sukowati@fegato.it Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; aptamer; oligonucleotide nanomedicine; future therapy Received: October 10, 2017 Accepted: December 01, 2017 Published: December 16, 2017 ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with a high mortality rate. Late diagnosis and poor prognosis are still a major drawback since curative therapies such as liver resection and liver transplantation are effective only for an early stage HCC. Development of novel molecular targeting therapies against HCC may provide new options that will improve the efficiency of the diagnosis and the success of the therapy, thus ameliorating the life expectancy of the patients. The aptamer is an oligonucleotide nanomedicine that has high binding affinity and specificity to small and large target molecules in the intracellular and extracellular environment with agonist or antagonist function. Currently, several aptamers for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes are under development to recognize different molecules of HCC. In in vitro models, the aptamer has been shown to be able to reduce the growth of HCC cells and increase the sensitivity to conventional chemotherapies. In in vivo mouse models, aptamer could induce cell apoptosis with antitumor activity. Overall data had shown that aptamer has limited toxicity and might be safe in clinical application. This review summarizes recent information of aptamer as a potential oligonucleotide nanomedicine tool, in diagnostics, targeted therapy, and as drug delivery nano-vehicles.