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Genomic alterations of ERBB receptors in cancer: clinical implications

2017; Impact Journals LLC; Volume: 8; Issue: 69 Linguagem: Inglês

10.18632/oncotarget.22825

1949-2553

Rosalin Mishra, Ariella B. Hanker, Joan T. Garrett,

Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments

// Rosalin Mishra 1 , Ariella B. Hanker 2 and Joan T. Garrett 1 1 Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A 2 Department of Medicine, Breast Cancer Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A Correspondence to: Joan T. Garrett, email: joan.garrett@uc.edu Keywords: EGFR; HER2; HER3; HER4; mutation Received: September 19, 2017 Accepted: November 09, 2017 Published: November 30, 2017 ABSTRACT The ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases has been implicated in carcinogenesis for over three decades with rigorous attention to EGFR and HER2. ERBB receptors, consisting of EGFR, HER2, HER3, and HER4 are part of a complicated signaling network that activates downstream signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, Ras/Raf/MAPK, JAK/STAT and PKC. It is well established that EGFR is amplified and/or mutated in gliomas and non-small-cell lung carcinoma while HER2 is amplified and/or over-expressed in breast, gastric, ovarian, non-small cell lung carcinoma, and several other tumor types. With the advent of next generation sequencing and large scale efforts to explore the entire spectrum of genomic alterations involved in human cancer progression, it is now appreciated that somatic ERBB receptor mutations occur at relatively low frequencies across multiple tumor types. Some of these mutations may represent oncogenic driver events; clinical studies are underway to determine whether tumors harboring these alterations respond to small molecule EGFR/HER2 inhibitors. Recent evidence suggests that some somatic ERBB receptor mutations render resistance to FDA-approved EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. In this review, we focus on the landscape of genomic alterations of EGFR, HER2, HER3 and HER4 in cancer and the clinical implications for patients harboring these alterations.