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Transcriptional Changes during Naturally Acquired Zika Virus Infection Render Dendritic Cells Highly Conducive to Viral Replication

2017; Cell Press; Volume: 21; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.087

2639-1856

Xiaoming Sun, Stéphane Hua, Hsiao-Rong Chen, Zhengyu Ouyang, Kevin Einkauf, Samantha Y. Tse, Kevin L. Ard, Andrea Ciaranello, Sigal Yawetz, Paul E. Sax, Eric Rosenberg, Mathias Lichterfeld, Xu G. Yu,

Immune responses and vaccinations

Although dendritic cells are among the human cell population best equipped for cell-intrinsic antiviral immune defense, they seem highly susceptible to infection with the Zika virus (ZIKV). Using highly purified myeloid dendritic cells isolated from individuals with naturally acquired acute infection, we here show that ZIKV induces profound perturbations of transcriptional signatures relative to healthy donors. Interestingly, we noted a remarkable downregulation of antiviral interferon-stimulated genes and innate immune sensors, suggesting that ZIKV can actively suppress interferon-dependent immune responses. In contrast, several host factors known to support ZIKV infection were strongly upregulated during natural ZIKV infection; these transcripts included AXL, the main entry receptor for ZIKV; SOCS3, a negative regulator of ISG expression; and IDO-1, a recognized inducer of regulatory T cell responses. Thus, during in vivo infection, ZIKV can transform the transcriptome of dendritic cells in favor of the virus to render these cells highly conducive to ZIKV infection.