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First Report of Root Rot and Vine Decline of Melon Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus in Greece

2017; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-10-17-1568-pdn

1943-7692

Emmanouil A. Markakis, Emmanouil Trantas, Christina S. Lagogianni, Evaggelia Mpalantinaki, Marianthi G. Pagoulatou, Filippos Ververidis, Dimitrios E. Goumas,

Plant Disease Management Techniques

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 5First Report of Root Rot and Vine Decline of Melon Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus in Greece PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Root Rot and Vine Decline of Melon Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus in GreeceE. A. Markakis, E. A. Trantas, C. S. Lagogianni, E. Mpalantinaki, M. Pagoulatou, F. Ververidis, and D. E. GoumasE. A. Markakis†Corresponding author: E. A. Markakis; E-mail: E-mail Address: markakis@nagref-her.gr, E. A. Trantas, C. S. Lagogianni, E. Mpalantinaki, M. Pagoulatou, F. Ververidis, and D. E. GoumasAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations E. A. Markakis † , Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops, Floriculture and Plant Health, Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Mesa Katsampas 71307, Heraklion, Crete, Greece E. A. Trantas , Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Stavromenos 71004, Heraklion, Crete, Greece C. S. Lagogianni , Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Votanikos 11855, Athens, Greece E. Mpalantinaki M. Pagoulatou F. Ververidis D. E. Goumas , Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Stavromenos 71004, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Published Online:13 Mar 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-17-1568-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat In June 2017, a severe vine decline of the netted melon (Cucumis melo L.) hybrids Global F1 and Lavigal was observed in a greenhouse of Messara valley, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Diseased plants exhibited wilting, leaf chlorosis, yellowing, and vine collapse. Root rot and necrosis, foot rot, and to a lesser extent vascular tissue discoloration at the lower part of the stem were also observed. Numerous perithecia embedded in the root cortex, containing asci and ascospores typical of Monosporascus cannonballus Pollack and Uecker (1974), were observed. Disease incidence in the greenhouse was estimated at 100 and 78% for Global F1 and Lavigal, respectively. The fungus was isolated from the root lesions and the discolored vessels of the basal part of the stem, previously surface-sterilized with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 0.5 g/liter of streptomycin sulfate. To obtain single hyphae isolates, hyphal tips were transferred onto new PDA plates, and the growth rate of the fungus was 19.2 mm/day at 27°C in the dark. The mycelium was initially white, turning into gray and yielding many black perithecia after 25 days of growth on PDA. Microscopic observations revealed globose perithecia measuring 300 to 750 μm (average 480 μm) in diameter, containing asci with spherical, thick-walled ascospores (one per ascus) ranging from 22.5 to 38.8 μm (average 32.9 μm) in diameter. DNA from two representative single-hyphae isolates (codes PEP1 and PEP15) was extracted, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was amplified using the universal primers ITS1 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). The PCR products were sequenced and deposited in GenBank (accession nos. MG025534 and MG025535). On the basis of morphological characteristics (Pollack and Uecker 1974) and a BLAST search with 99% identity to published ITS sequences of M. cannonballus isolates in GenBank (JQ771930 and JQ771932), the fungus was identified as M. cannonballus. For pathogenicity tests, 10 melon plants (Global F1) at the cotyledon stage were transplanted in 1-liter-capacity pots containing soil artificially inoculated with the isolate PEP1 by macerating two 9-day-old PDA cultures (grown in 85-mm-diameter plates) in 200 ml of sterilized water, and the resultant mixture was mixed with 1 liter of sterilized soil. Ten control plants were transplanted in soil inoculated with sterilized PDA. Plants were kept at 27 to 33°C with a 16-h photoperiod. Two months postinoculation, inoculated plants exhibited necrosis of the small roots and lesions on the large roots, and M. cannonballus was consistently reisolated, thus confirming Koch's postulates. Neither symptoms nor positive isolations were observed in control plants. Pathogenicity tests were repeated twice. Although M. cannonballus has been reported as the causal agent of root rot and vine decline of melon in several countries around the world (Cohen et al. 2012), this is the first report of the fungus in Greece. This disease could result in severe losses in melon production because the fungus is favored by hot climates, arid or semiarid climates, and alkaline-saline soils (Cohen et al. 2012), such as those existing commonly in Crete, southern Greece.References:Cohen, R., et al. 2012. Hortic. Rev. (Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.) 39:77. Google ScholarPollack, F. G., and Uecker, F. A. 1974. Mycologia 66:346. https://doi.org/10.2307/3758370 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 5 May 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 20 Apr 2018Published: 13 Mar 2018First Look: 18 Dec 2017Accepted: 14 Dec 2017 Pages: 1036-1036 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byMonosporascus cannonballusCABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumDiversity of soil-borne fungal species associated to root rot and vine decline of melon in Sardinia (Italy)13 March 2021 | Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 103, No. 2Investigation of interactions between Meloidogyne javanica and three soil‐borne fungi against susceptible plant hosts21 November 2020 | Journal of Phytopathology, Vol. 169, No. 2Characterization of Five New Monosporascus Species: Adaptation to Environmental Factors, Pathogenicity to Cucurbits and Sensitivity to Fungicides10 September 2020 | Journal of Fungi, Vol. 6, No. 3Resistance in melon to Monosporascus cannonballus and M. eutypoides : Fungal pathogens associated with Monosporascus root rot and vine decline30 April 2020 | Annals of Applied Biology, Vol. 177, No. 1Prevalent weeds collected from cucurbit fields in Northeastern Brazil reveal new species diversity in the genus Monosporascus19 February 2019 | Annals of Applied Biology, Vol. 174, No. 3REACTION OF MELON GENOTYPES TO THE ROOT´S ROT CAUSED BY Monosporascus1 March 2019 | Revista Caatinga, Vol. 32, No. 1