First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Race 4 on Lettuce in Belgium
2017; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-10-17-1627-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresJolien Claerbout, Sofie Venneman, Isabel Vandevelde, An Decombel, P. Bleyaert, Anneleen Volckaert, Jenny Neukermans, Monica Höfte,
Tópico(s)Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 5First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Race 4 on Lettuce in Belgium PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Race 4 on Lettuce in BelgiumJ. Claerbout, S. Venneman, I. Vandevelde, A. Decombel, P. Bleyaert, A. Volckaert, J. Neukermans, and M. HöfteJ. ClaerboutSearch for more papers by this author, S. VennemanSearch for more papers by this author, I. VandeveldeSearch for more papers by this author, A. DecombelSearch for more papers by this author, P. BleyaertSearch for more papers by this author, A. VolckaertSearch for more papers by this author, J. NeukermansSearch for more papers by this author, and M. Höfte†Corresponding author: M. Höfte; E-mail: E-mail Address: monica.hofte@ugent.beSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations J. Claerbout , Department of Plants and Crops, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium S. Venneman I. Vandevelde , PSKW (Proefstation voor de groenteteelt), 2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium A. Decombel P. Bleyaert , Inagro vzw, 8800 Rumbeke-Beitem, Belgium A. Volckaert J. Neukermans , PCG (Provinciaal Proefcentrum voor de Groenteteelt Oost-Vlaanderen vzw), 9770 Kruishoutem, Belgium M. Höfte † , Department of Plants and Crops, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Published Online:16 Mar 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-17-1627-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat In Belgium, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an important crop that is mainly grown in soil in glasshouses. During autumn 2015, wilting symptoms on butterhead lettuce ‘Halewyn’ (Rijk Zwaan, the Netherlands) and an unknown cultivar were observed in two different commercial glasshouses in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. The disease incidence was around 10 and 20%, respectively, with a disease severity of 9 and 18%. Since 2015 the disease has spread very fast; already 15% of the glasshouse lettuce production area in Flanders (northern part of Belgium) is infested. Dwarf growth and yellowing of the outer leaves were noticed on affected plants, followed by complete wilting and death. The vascular tissue showed a brown to red discoloration. Affected root and leaf tissues were surface-sterilized with 1% NaOCl for 30 s and washed three times with sterile water. The plant tissues were cut into 1 cm2 pieces and plated on potato dextrose agar amended with streptomycin sulfate (100 mg/liter) and incubated at room temperature (19 to 22°C). Consistently dense fungal colonies with pale cream to purplish mycelia grew out of the plant tissues. Microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores typical for Fusarium oxysporum were observed. Microconidia from isolates Fus1.01 and Fus1.02, coming from the two different glasshouses, measured respectively 5.99 to 8.64 (mean 6.98) × 2.75 to 4.39 (mean 3.32) µm and 6.75 to 11.50 (mean 8.42) × 2.75 to 4.59 (mean 3.61) µm. Chlamydospores were terminal and intercalary, rough walled, and measured 6.86 to 10.72 (mean 8.25) µm for Fus1.01 and 6.13 to 10.80 (mean 8.55) µm for Fus1.02. Macroconidia were straight to slightly curved with three septa and measured 24.49 to 31.27 (mean 27.27) × 2.93 to 4.42 (mean 3.84) µm for Fus1.01 and 20.91 to 26.09 (mean 22.58) × 3.42 to 4.70 (mean 3.98) µm for Fus1.02. Subsequently, DNA from single-spore cultures (Fus1.01 and Fus1.02) was extracted using the Invisorb Spin Plant Mini Kit (Stratec Molecular). The translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) gene was amplified using primers EF1/EF2 (O’Donnell et al. 1998) and sequenced in both directions by LGC Genomics (Berlin) using Sanger sequencing technology. The EF1-α sequences of both isolates showed 100% similarity with the EF1-α sequence of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae strain S1 (accession no. DQ837657) (Mbofung et al. 2007) and were deposited (MG599512 and MG599513). By using specific primers FPUF and FPUR (Gilardi et al. 2016), we could show that both isolates belong to race 4. Moreover, pathogenicity tests with three different lettuce cultivars (‘Costa Rica No. 4’, ‘Banchu Red Fire’, and ‘Romana Romabella 30 CN’) provided by Rijk Zwaan (the Netherlands) were conducted to confirm the positive result with the primers FPUF and FPUR and to complete Koch’s postulates. Roots of 2-week-old lettuce plants were dipped in a 5 × 105 spores/ml suspension, and five plants per cultivar were used. The experiment was carried out twice. Inoculated lettuce seedlings were planted in 100 g of steamed potting substrate and were maintained in a climate room at 24°C. In both experiments, wilting was observed after 4 weeks for the cultivars Costa Rica No. 4 and Romana Romabella 30 CN, but no symptoms could be seen on the cultivar Banchu Red Fire. F. oxysporum was consistently reisolated from all inoculated cultivars. These results are consistent with pathogenicity tests carried out before with two isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae race 4 from the Netherlands (Gilardi et al. 2016) and indicate that this new race is also the causal agent of Fusarium wilt on lettuce in Belgium. This report shows that race 4 is spreading fast and imposes a serious risk to other lettuce production areas in Europe.References:Gilardi, G., et al. 2016. Plant Pathol. 66:677. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12616 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMbofung, G. Y., et al. 2007. Phytopathology 97:87. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-97-0087 Link, ISI, Google ScholarO’Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:2044. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 5 May 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 20 Apr 2018Published: 16 Mar 2018First Look: 22 Dec 2017Accepted: 19 Dec 2017 Page: 1037 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingVLAIOGrant/Award Number: 140984Cited byFusarium isolates from Belgium causing wilt in lettuce show genetic and pathogenic diversity16 November 2022 | Plant Pathology, Vol. 97Discovery and fine mapping of a novel resistance locus to Fusarium wilt race 2 in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)29 July 2022 | Euphytica, Vol. 218, No. 8Marulda solgunluğa neden olan Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae etmenine karşı Metarhizium anisoplae’nın biyokontrol potansiyelinin belirlenmesi31 March 2022 | European Journal of Science and TechnologyFusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucaeCABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumGenetic Resistance of Lactuca spp. against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Race 1HortScience, Vol. 56, No. 12Low temperatures favour Fusarium wilt development by race 4 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae12 May 2021 | Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 103, No. 3Development of PCR-based marker for resistance to Fusarium wilt race 2 in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)31 May 2021 | Euphytica, Vol. 217, No. 6The Population of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae in California and ArizonaKelley R. 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