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Effect of Inorganic Salts on the Toxicity and Translocation of Glyphosate and MSMA in Purple Nutsedge ( Cyperus rotundus )

1985; Cambridge University Press; Volume: 33; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1017/s0043174500083296

1550-2759

Gene D. Wills, C. G. McWhorter,

Berry genetics and cultivation research

The effects of several inorganic salts on the toxicity and translocation of nonradiolabeled and 14 C-radiolabeled MSMA (monosodium salt of MAA) and the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine] following foliar applications to purple nutsedge ( Cyperus rotundus L. ♯ CYPRO) were evaluated. Salts of the monovalent cations NH 4 + , K + , and Na + and to a lesser degree the anion PO 4 generally resulted in increased toxicity of these herbicides. Salts of the divalent and trivalent cations Zn ++ and Fe +++ frequently reduced the activity of glyphosate and MSMA, whereas salts of the divalent Ca ++ ion caused little or no effect on activity. Salts of the anions Cl – , NO 3 – , CO 3 —- , and SO 4 – resulted in increased, decreased, or unchanged glyphosate toxicity as influenced by the associated cation. Translocation of the radiolabel of 14 C-glyphosate and 14 C-MSMA was increased by the addition of NH 4 Cl, while retention of the radiolabel within the tissue of the treated area was increased by the addition of FeCl 3 to the treated leaf surface.