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First Report of Phytophthora nicotianae Causing Crown Rot of Strawberry in the United States
2018; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-08-17-1333-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresMarcus V. Marin, Teresa E. Seijo, Michelle Souza Oliveira, E. Zuchelli, J. C. Mertely, Natália A. Peres,
Tópico(s)Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 7First Report of Phytophthora nicotianae Causing Crown Rot of Strawberry in the United States PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Phytophthora nicotianae Causing Crown Rot of Strawberry in the United StatesM. V. Marin, T. Seijo, M. S. Oliveira, E. Zuchelli, J. Mertely, and N. A. PeresM. V. Marin†Corresponding author: M. V. Marin; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected], T. Seijo, M. S. Oliveira, E. Zuchelli, J. Mertely, and N. A. PeresAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations M. V. Marin † T. Seijo M. S. Oliveira , University of Florida, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (GCREC-UF), Wimauma, 33598 E. Zuchelli , Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil J. Mertely N. A. Peres , University of Florida, GCREC-UF, Wimauma, 33598. Published Online:30 Apr 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-17-1333-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Phytophthora crown rot is an important disease of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) worldwide. In Florida, Phytophthora cactorum is the most common causal agent. During the 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 seasons, eight commercial farms in west-central Florida had up to 25% strawberry plants with wilt symptoms and dark reddish-brown discoloration of crowns. Isolations were made on P5ARP selective medium (Erwin and Ribeiro 1996) and incubated at 25°C. Phytophthora colonies with hyaline mycelium forming numerous sporangia and no oogonia consistently grew from symptomatic crown tissues after 4 days. Colonies were transferred to V8 and potato dextrose agar (PDA) media to evaluate morphological features. All were of one single type, and on V8 agar they formed cottony aerial mycelium and lacked rosette colony shape, usually observed in P. cactorum. On PDA, colonies had an arachnoid shape with irregular margins and grew slower than P. cactorum. Mycelium transferred to pond water produced sporangia ranging in size from 20 to 43 μm wide (average = 34; SD = 7; n = 25) and 33 to 70 μm long (average = 48; SD = 10; n = 25). When combined with P. nicotianae isolates of known mating type on V8 agar, both mating types (A1 and A2) were found, and resulting oogonia measured from 20 to 36 μm in diameter (average = 26; SD = 4; n = 25). Chlamydospore diameter ranged from 15 to 25 μm (average = 19; SD = 3; n = 25). DNA extracted from three isolates using a FastDNA kit (MP Biomedicals, Solon, OH) was used to confirm the morphological identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) distinguishing P. cactorum from P. nicotianae (Li et al. 2011). The ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions 1 and 2 (White et al. 1990) and Ypt1 gene (Li et al. 2011) were amplified and sequenced. The ITS and Ypt1 regions from all three isolates were identical to each other and to P. nicotianae accessions KJ567642 and KJ494902 in GenBank. The sequences were deposited in GenBank (accession nos. MF590089, MF590090, MF590091, MF590092, MF590093, and MF590094). The isolates were tested for pathogenicity on Winterstar 'FL 05-107' strawberry. The roots of seven plants per isolate were dipped for 1 h in a zoospore suspension (104/ml), potted, and grown in the greenhouse under intermittent mist sprays. The experiment was repeated once. All three isolates caused greater than 85% mortality within 2 weeks, whereas noninoculated controls remained healthy after 4 weeks. The pathogen was reisolated from symptomatic crowns and confirmed to be P. nicotianae by morphological evaluation and multiplex PCR. Phytophthora crown rot caused by P. nicotianae has been reported in South Korea (Hee 1998) and Japan (Li et al. 2011). It has also been reported causing fruit rot (leather rot), but to our knowledge this is the first report of P. nicotianae causing a crown rot of strawberries in the United States. Additional studies are needed to determine whether P. nicotianae differs from P. cactorum with respect to host cultivar resistance, fungicide sensitivity, and disease management.References:Erwin, D. C., and Ribeiro, O. K. 1996. Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. APS Press, St. Paul, MN. Google ScholarHee, S. J. 1998. Kor. J. Plant Pathol. 14:445. Google ScholarLi, M., et al. 2011. Plant Dis. 95:1270. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-11-0076 Link, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 7 July 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 27 Jun 2018Published: 30 Apr 2018First Look: 15 Jan 2018Accepted: 10 Jan 2018 Pages: 1463-1463 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byPhosphite is more effective against Phytophthora Crown Rot and Leather Rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum than P. nicotianaeMarcus Vinicius Marin, Juliana Silveira Baggio, Paulo Pinto Melo, and Natalia A. Peres22 November 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaGenomic approaches for improving resistance to Phytophthora crown rot caused by P. cactorum in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)22 August 2022 | Frontiers in Agronomy, Vol. 4Resistance of strawberry cultivars and the effects of plant ontogenesis on Phytophthora cactorum and P. nicotianae causing crown rotMarcus Vinicius Marin, Teresa E. Seijo, Juliana Silveira Baggio, Vance M. Whitaker, and Natalia A. 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