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Hybrid Aqueous/Non-aqueous Electrolyte for Safe and High-Energy Li-Ion Batteries

2018; Elsevier BV; Volume: 2; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.joule.2018.02.011

2542-4785

Fei Wang, Oleg Borodin, Michael S. Ding, Mallory Gobet, Jenel Vatamanu, Xiulin Fan, Tao Gao, Nico Eidson, Yujia Liang, Wei Sun, Steve Greenbaum, Kang Xu, Chunsheng Wang,

Advanced battery technologies research

Recent breakthroughs in aqueous electrolytes made highly safe 3.0 V class aqueous Li-ion batteries possible. However, the formed solid-electrolyte interphase therein still cannot effectively support the desired energy-dense anode and cathode materials. In this work, we report a new class of electrolytes, by hybridizing aqueous with non-aqueous solvents, that inherits the non-flammability and non-toxicity characteristics from aqueous and better electrochemical stability from non-aqueous systems. The secondary interphasial ingredient (alkylcarbonate) introduced by non-aqueous component helps to expand the electrochemical window of the hybridized electrolyte to 4.1 V, which supports the operation of a 3.2 V aqueous Li-ion battery based on Li4Ti5O12 and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 to deliver a high energy density of 165 Wh/kg for >1,000 cycles. The understanding of how a better interphase could be tailored by regulating the inner-Helmholtz interfacial structures of the hybridized electrolyte provides important guidelines for designing future electrolytes and interphases for new battery chemistries.