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Epigenetic modulation of inflammation and synaptic plasticity promotes resilience against stress in mice

2018; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 9; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41467-017-02794-5

2041-1723

Jun Wang, Georgia E. Hodes, Hongxing Zhang, Song Zhang, Wei Zhao, Sam A. Golden, Weina Bi, Caroline Ménard, Veronika Kana, Marylène Leboeuf, Marc Xie, Dana Bregman, Madeline L. Pfau, Meghan E. Flanigan, Adelaida Esteban‐Fernández, Shrishailam Yemul, Ali Sharma, Lap Ho, Richard A. Dixon, Miriam Mérad, Ming‐Hu Han, Scott J. Russo, Giulio Maria Pasinetti,

Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Abstract Major depressive disorder is associated with abnormalities in the brain and the immune system. Chronic stress in animals showed that epigenetic and inflammatory mechanisms play important roles in mediating resilience and susceptibility to depression. Here, through a high-throughput screening, we identify two phytochemicals, dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) and malvidin-3′- O -glucoside (Mal-gluc) that are effective in promoting resilience against stress by modulating brain synaptic plasticity and peripheral inflammation. DHCA/Mal-gluc also significantly reduces depression-like phenotypes in a mouse model of increased systemic inflammation induced by transplantation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from stress-susceptible mice. DHCA reduces pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6) generations by inhibiting DNA methylation at the CpG-rich IL-6 sequences introns 1 and 3, while Mal-gluc modulates synaptic plasticity by increasing histone acetylation of the regulatory sequences of the Rac1 gene. Peripheral inflammation and synaptic maladaptation are in line with newly hypothesized clinical intervention targets for depression that are not addressed by currently available antidepressants.