First Report of an Emaravirus Associated with Witches’ Broom Disease and Eriophyid Mite Infestations of the Blue Palo Verde Tree in Arizona
2018; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-01-18-0124-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresM. Ilyas, S. Avelar, Ursula K. Schuch, Judith K. Brown,
Tópico(s)Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 9First Report of an Emaravirus Associated with Witches' Broom Disease and Eriophyid Mite Infestations of the Blue Palo Verde Tree in Arizona PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of an Emaravirus Associated with Witches' Broom Disease and Eriophyid Mite Infestations of the Blue Palo Verde Tree in ArizonaM. Ilyas, S. Avelar, U. K. Schuch, and J. K. BrownM. Ilyas, S. Avelarhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3507-9009, U. K. Schuch, and J. K. Brown†Corresponding author: J. K. Brown; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected]AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations M. Ilyas S. Avelar U. K. Schuch J. K. Brown † , School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. Published Online:17 Jul 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-18-0124-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Palo verde witches' broom disease occurs primarily in the blue palo verde tree Parkinsonia florida (Benth. ex A. Gray) S. Wats, which is native to the southwestern states of the United States and northwestern Mexico. Symptoms of witches' broom disease are manifest as dense clusters of short, flexible, thornless branches with stunted leaves, and branch dieback. With the increased popularity of the blue palo verde as a xeriscape tree in the southwestern United States, the disease has spread widely in both naturally occurring and in nursery-grown trees, at >50% incidence in nursery-grown trees alone. Despite the first report of witches' broom disease in blue palo verde trees more than 50 years ago (Werner and Olson 1994), the etiology has not been determined. Here, the suspect causal agent of the disease was identified using a genomic pathology-molecular validation approach. Total RNA was purified from newly developing leaves from symptomatic (n = 21) and asymptomatic (n = 7) palo verde trees from 2015 to 2016. RNAseq libraries were constructed from transcripts and subjected to Illumina Hi-Seq 2500 sequencing. Sequence reads were de novo assembled and annotated using BLASTn to search the GenBank sequence database. Four viral RNAs 1 to 4 of approximately 7, 2, 1.4, and 1.5 kb were detected in symptomatic but not asymptomatic palo verde leaves. The RNAs 1 to 4 encoded a predicted RNA-directed RNA polymerase, envelope glycoprotein, coat protein, and movement protein, respectively (RNA-1, MF766025; RNA-2, MF766030; RNA-3, MF766035; and RNA-4, MF766040), and shared similarity scores ranging from 60 to 65% with the analogous RNAs 1 to 4 of High plains wheat mosaic emaravirus (genus, Emaravirus; family, Fimoviridae), a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA plant virus having an eriophyid mite vector (Stewart et al. 2013). Sequence-specific primers were designed and used to amplify RNAs 1 to 4, respectively, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sanger sequencing of the cloned amplicons (548 to 1,465 bp) confirmed the presence and absence of all four viral RNA components in symptomatic (n = 4/4) and asymptomatic (n = 0/4) leaf samples, respectively, collected from landscape and nursery-grown trees during 2017. Pairwise distance analysis of the partial RT-PCR amplicons and Illumina contigs determined for RNAs 1 to 4 shared 99.2 to 100% nt identity, respectively. Surveys for the presence of the eriophyid mite, Aculus cercidi (Keifer et al. 1982), indicated that it reached high population densities in symptomatic palo verde trees; however, in asymptomatic trees, the mites were difficult to find. Although viral causality has not been demonstrated, the first discovery of an emaravirus-like genome in symptomatic blue palo verde trees heavily infested by the previously suspected eriophyid mite vector, and the absence of virus-mite complexes in asymptomatic trees, provide a robust association of an emaravirus with witches' broom disease of blue palo verde, herein proposed as blue palo verde broom virus.Reference:Keifer, H. H. et al. 1982. Page 178 in: An Illustrated Guide to Plant Abnormalities Caused by Eriophyid Mites in North America. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, DC. Google ScholarStewart, L. R., et al. 2013. Plant Dis. 97:1125. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0243-PDN Google ScholarWerner, F. G., and Olson, C. E. 1994. Page 75 in: Insects of the Southwest. Fisher Books, Tuscon, AZ. Google ScholarFunding: Funding was provided by Britton Fund.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 9 September 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 20 Aug 2018Published: 17 Jul 2018First Look: 28 Mar 2018Accepted: 26 Mar 2018 Pages: 1863-1863 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingBritton FundCited byGenomic High Plains Wheat Mosaic Virus Sequences from Australia: Their Phylogenetics and Evidence for Emaravirus Recombination and Reassortment31 January 2023 | Viruses, Vol. 15, No. 2Witches' broom disease of birchThe Complex World of Emaraviruses—Challenges, Insights, and Prospects8 November 2022 | Forests, Vol. 13, No. 11Advancing the Rose Rosette Virus Minireplicon and Encapsidation System by Incorporating GFP, Mutations, and the CMV 2b Silencing Suppressor17 April 2022 | Viruses, Vol. 14, No. 4Japanese star anise ringspot-associated virus is a distinct emaravirus transmitted by the eriophyid mite (the family Diptilomiopidae)13 October 2021 | Journal of General Plant Pathology, Vol. 88, No. 1WITHDRAWN: Exploring in-silico prediction for the development of a RT-qPCR-high resolution melting assay for the broad detection of emaravirusesJournal of Virological Methods, Vol. 432021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales31 August 2021 | Archives of Virology, Vol. 166, No. 12Identification and Characterization of a Novel Emaravirus From Grapevine Showing Chlorotic Mottling Symptoms7 June 2021 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 12Identification and Characterization of a Pear Chlorotic Leaf Spot-Associated Virus, a Novel Emaravirus Associated with a Severe Disease of Pear Trees in ChinaHuazhen Liu, Guoping Wang, Zuokun Yang, Yanxiang Wang, Zhe Zhang, Longhui Li, Muhammad Waqas, Ni Hong, Huazhen Liu, Guoping Wang, Ni Hong, Jian Hong, Jinguo Zhang, Lei Xu, and Liying Qi30 September 2020 | Plant Disease, Vol. 104, No. 11Identification of an Emaravirus in a Common Oak (Quercus robur L.) 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