56. Recent Finds of the Stone Age in Africa.
1919; Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland; Volume: 19; Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/2839783
ISSN2397-2548
Autores Tópico(s)Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
Resumorepresent an archaic Indonesian type belonging to a date prior to the adoption of lashing as a means of securing the float to the connecting piece.But the Boro Budur sculptures in Java, dating from the seventh or eighth centuries of our era, furnish representations of outrigger ships with lashed-on booms, hence the arrival of the pegged design in the Comoros and in Africa presumably must long antedate that period.Regarding the linguistic side of the subject, several of the terms quoted by Mr. 'H.R. Montgomery appear to be of Dravidian origin.The use of the word sukani for rudder an(d kana for tiller is significant, both being in common use among the Tamil boatmen of South India in the forms sukk&n and kana.No Indonesian outrigger canoe is provided with a rudder, hence the use of Indian (Dravidian) terms for the two words named proves that the use of rudlder and tiller in African outriggers is a comparatively modern innovation copied from Indian models.No Indian outrigger in any way resembles the African designi; all Indian and Ceylon forms are of the single outrigger type, and, in all, the booms attach directly to the float.In view of Lhe statement in Dr. Haddon's paper that the Melindi outriggers are imported from the Comoro Islan(ds, it is now important to ascertain whetlher this is also the case with those described from the other continental African ports named.The two photographs (Plate G) accompanying this note represent respectively-FIG.A.-A large built-up outrigger canoe belonging to Lombok.Booms with curved elbow pieces spliced and pegged on; the lower ends are inserted obliquely through the bamboo floats.FIG.B.-A fishing canoe of Menado, N. Celebes.A dug-out with deep washstrake.Used in seining.Stanchions, elbow-shaped; each is tied to the boom in two places.The Y-shaped crutches are used to carry poles and spars.(Photos by J. Hornell.)The line figures in text are as follow: (1) Diagrammatic view from above of a canoe with a single outrigger from the north coast of Java.(2) Method of attachment of float to boom employed in the same Javanese design.(After Van Kampen.)(3) Elbow form of stanchiou attachment in a. large fishing outrigger canoe, Menado, N. Celebes.(4) Spliced-on curved elbowpiece connecting the straight boom of a Bali outrigger with the float.(Boleleng, Bali.)Lettering a, boom ; b, float; bl, float shown in transverse section ; and c, joint connecting float and boom.J. HORNELL.
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