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Association of proinflammatory diet with low-grade inflammation: results from the Moli-sani study

2018; Elsevier BV; Volume: 54; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.nut.2018.04.004

1873-1244

Nitin Shivappa, Marialaura Bonaccio, James R. Hébert, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Simona Costanzo, Emilia Ruggiero, George Pounis, Maria Benedetta Donati, Giovanni de Gaetano, Licia Iacoviello, Licia Iacoviello, Maria Benedetta Donati, Giovanni de Gaetano, Jos Vermylen, Ignacio De Paula Carrasco, Simona Giampaoli, Antonio Spagnuolo, Deodato Assanelli, Vincenzo Centritto, Pasquale Spagnuolo, Dante Staniscia, Francesco Zito, Americo Bonanni, Chiara Cerletti, Amalia De Curtis, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Licia Iacoviello, Roberto Lorenzet, A. Frattale Mascioli, Marco Olivieri, Domenico Rotilio, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Marialaura Bonaccio, Simona Costanzo, Francesco Gianfagna, Marco Olivieri, Maurizio Giacci, Antonella Padulo, Dario Petraroia, Amalia De Curtis, Sara Magnacca, Federico Marracino, Maria Spinelli, Christian Silvestri, Giuseppe Dell’Elba, Claudio Grippi, Americo Bonanni, Marialaura Bonaccio, Francesca De Lucia, Francesco Gianfagna, Branislav Vohnout, Franco Zito, Mariarosaria Persichillo, Angelita Verna, Maura Di Lillo, Irene Di Stefano, Agnieszka Pampuch, Branislav Vohnout, Agostino Pannichella, Antonio Rinaldo Vizzarri, Antonella Arcari, Daniela Barbato, Francesca Bracone, Simona Costanzo, Carmine Giorgio, Sara Magnacca, Simona Panebianco, Antonello Chiovitti, Federico Marracino, Sergio Caccamo, Vanesa Caruso, Livia Rago, Daniela Cugino, Francesco Zito, Francesco Gianfagna, Alessandra Ferri, Concetta Castaldi, Marcella Mignogna, Tomasz Guszcz, Romina di Giuseppe, Paola Barisciano, Lorena Buonaccorsi, Floriana Centritto, Antonella Cutrone, Francesca De Lucia, Francesca Fanelli, Iolanda Santimone, Anna Sciarretta, Maura Di Lillo, Isabella Sorella, Irene Di Stefano, Emanuela Plescia, Alessandra Molinaro, C. Cavone, Giovanna Galuppo, Maura Di Lillo, Concetta Castaldi, Dolores D'Angelo, Rosanna Ramacciato, Simona Costanzo, Simona Costanzo, Marco Olivieri, Livia Rago, Simona Costanzo, Amalia De Curtis, Licia Iacoviello, Mariarosaria Persichillo,

Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

The association between diet and inflammation is well documented. Yet, no evidence exists on the relationship between the inflammatory potential of the diet and low-grade inflammation (LGI) as measured by a composite score of plasma and cellular biomarkers. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and LGI in a large population-based cohort. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on data from 20 823 adults (age ≥35 y; 48% male) without acute inflammation, who were recruited within the general population of the Moli-sani study from 2005 to 2010. LGI was measured by using a composite score (INFLA-score) including platelet and leukocyte counts, the granulocyte to lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein. DII scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed by the EPIC food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to produce adjusted regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Higher DII scores were associated with increased LGI (β = 0.131; 95% CI, 0.089–0.174 for the highest versus lowest quintile of DII) after adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle, prevalence of chronic diseases, and health conditions. A higher DII score also was positively associated with each single biomarker of inflammation included in the INFLA-score, unhealthy behaviors (smoking, sedentary lifestyle), and insulin. Higher DII scores, indicating greater inflammatory potential of the diet, were directly associated with LGI, as measured by a composite score of plasma and cellular biomarkers of inflammation. These findings are consistent with the contributing role of diet-mediated inflammation in increasing risk for inflammation-related chronic diseases.