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Feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis: a retrospective study of 13 cases and proposal for a new classification

2018; SAGE Publishing; Volume: 21; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1177/1098612x18776141

1532-2750

Jérome Ngo, Marie-Anne Morren, Christine Bodemer, Marianne Heimann, Jacques Fontaine,

Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization

Cutaneous mastocytosis is a disorder rarely reported in veterinary dermatology and usually described as 'urticaria pigmentosa'. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and outcome of 13 affected cats, selected from the files of a private referral dermatology practice within a period of 14 years. Breeds of the affected individuals included Sphynx (n = 9), Devon Rex (n = 2) and Sphynx/Devon Rex crossbreeds (n = 2). Females (n = 9) were over-represented and the median duration of clinical signs prior to diagnosis was 8 months. The clinical presentation of these 13 cats was compared with cases reported in the veterinary literature and classified according to the current human consensus on cutaneous mastocytosis. Three clinical forms could be distinguished in cats: (1) large papular lesions and wheals, typically localised to the head, shoulders, ventral neck and axillae, and which may spontaneously resolve (termed polymorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis); (2) erythematous dermatitis, characterised by small maculopapular lesions often associated with crusts and with a poorer prognosis (termed monomorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis); and (3) more chronic dermatitis characterised by lichenification and hyperpigmentation, similar to the human condition 'urticaria pigmentosa' (termed pigmented maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis). Histopathology was performed in eight cases and revealed a superficial-to-deep dermatitis characterised by infiltrates of mast cells and eosinophils. The response to various treatments, including antihistamines, steroids and ciclosporin, was variable.