Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Cloro, el ion olvidado y su relación con el suero fisiológico

2018; Editorial Iku; Volume: 47; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Espanhol

10.25237/revchilanestv47n02.09

0719-6792

Esteban Hume V.,

High Altitude and Hypoxia

Chloride is the anion of highest concentration in the extracellular fluid, it contributes between 100 to 300 mosm/L to the tonicity of plasma [1], and its plasma concentration is frequently reported in the different services as part of the general evaluation of plasma electrolytes.However, chloremia is often not taken into account beyond its role in the acid-base calculation.In the last times, chloride has begun to take importance by diverse reports where it would be associated to dyschloremias and in particular the hyperchloremic acidosis with harmful effects in the organism [2].On the other hand, we have normal saline, which is massively used worldwide [3].With a composition characterized by supra-physiological levels of chloride [4], being the main cause of hyperchloremic acidosis [5].The objective of this review is to show the importance of chloride in different systems of the body, its relationship with normal saline and in turn the relationship of this one with the potential deleterious effects of hyperchloremic acidosis. RESumEnEl cloro es el anión de mayor concentración en el líquido extracelular, aporta entre 100 a 300 mosm/L a la tonicidad del plasma[1], su concentración plasmática es frecuentemente informada en los distintos servicios como parte de la evaluación general de los electrolitos plasmáticos.Sin embargo, la cloremia muchas veces no es tomada en cuenta más allá de su rol en el cálculo ácido-base.En el último tiempo, el cloro ha comenzado a tomar importancia por diversos reportes donde se asociaría a las discloremias y en particular la acidosis hiperclorémica con efectos dañinos en el organismo [2].Por otra parte, tenemos el suero fisiológico, el cual es masivamente usado a nivel mundial [3].Con una composición caracte-