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First Report of Cactus virus X in Hylocereus undatus (Dragon Fruit) in Florida

2018; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Catalão

10.1094/pdis-05-18-0725-pdn

1943-7692

Romina Gazis, Bindu Poudel, K. K. Dey, Sheng S. Zhang, Aaron J. Palmateer, E. Vanessa Campoverde, C. A. Baker, Scott Adkins,

Plant Disease Management Techniques

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 12First Report of Cactus virus X in Hylocereus undatus (Dragon Fruit) in Florida PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Cactus virus X in Hylocereus undatus (Dragon Fruit) in FloridaR. Gazis, B. Poudel, K. K. Dey, S. Zhang, A. Palmateer, E. V. Campoverde, C. A. Baker, and S. AdkinsR. Gazis†Corresponding author: R. Gazis; E-mail: E-mail Address: r.gazisseregina@ufl.eduhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-176XSearch for more papers by this author, B. PoudelSearch for more papers by this author, K. K. DeySearch for more papers by this author, S. ZhangSearch for more papers by this author, A. PalmateerSearch for more papers by this author, E. V. CampoverdeSearch for more papers by this author, C. A. BakerSearch for more papers by this author, and S. Adkinshttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-8414Search for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations R. Gazis † B. Poudel , Tropical Research and Education Center (TREC), University of Florida, Homestead, 33031 K. K. Dey , Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), Division of Plant Industry (DPI), Gainesville, 32608 S. Zhang A. Palmateer , TREC, University of Florida, Homestead, 33031 E. V. Campoverde , University of Florida/IFAS Extension Miami-Dade County, Homestead, 33030 C. A. Baker , FDACS, DPI, Gainesville, FL 32608 S. Adkins , USDA-ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945. Published Online:10 Oct 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-18-0725-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat In the last decade, cultivation of dragon fruit or pitaya (Hylocereus spp., Cactaceae) has expanded in Miami-Dade County, Florida. New growers and local farmers seeking alternatives to citrus and avocado have adopted dragon fruit because it grows well in this region and has a high investment return (Evans and Huntley 2011). The Plant Diagnostic Clinic at the University of Florida/IFAS Tropical Research and Education Center (TREC) began receiving dragon fruit samples (H. undatus) with virus-like symptoms that consisted of irregular chlorotic spots, some with red-brown margins, pale yellow-green mosaics, deformed spines, and necrosis from different local growers starting in December 2010. RNA extracted with TRIzol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) from three 2010 samples was used for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with degenerate potexvirus-replicase primers Potex 1RC, Potex 2RC, and Potex 5 (van der Vlugt and Berendsen 2002). Amplicons of the expected size (∼580 bp) were obtained from all samples. One amplicon was sequenced (accession no. MH183168) and shared 95 to 97% nucleotide identity with cactus virus X (CVX) isolates in GenBank (e.g., AJ270985 and KX883791). Additional samples were received at the clinic between December 2017 and February 2018 and collected during visits to a local grower located in Homestead (55% incidence of CVX symptoms in field plants in April 2018) and a research planting located at TREC (90% incidence in April 2018). Total nucleic acid was extracted from stems of 15 plants (Tzanetakis et al. 2007) and used for RT-PCR with CVX-specific triple gene block primers CVX-F and CVX-R (Peng et al. 2016). Amplicons of the expected size (∼900 bp) were generated from all symptomatic samples. No amplification was obtained from an asymptomatic sample included as a negative control. Amplicons were sequenced (MH263739 to MH263748) and shared 99% nucleotide identity to each other and 98% nucleotide identity to CVX sequences in GenBank (e.g., AF308158 and LC128411). Consistent with potexvirus-like virons, flexuous rod particles of ∼600 nm in length were observed in stem sap dips by transmission electron microscopy. This is the first report of CVX infecting dragon fruit in Florida and demonstrates that CVX has been present in this crop there since at least 2010. CVX has previously been reported in dragon fruit in several tropical Asian countries and in California (Valencia-Botín et al. 2013; Zhang et al. 2016). This study highlights the relatively recent introduction of dragon fruit to the Florida tropical fruit industry and the need for further study on the impact of CVX and potentially other pathogens on plant health and on fruit yield and quality.References:Evans, E. A., and Huntley, J. 2011. HortTechnology 21:246. Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPeng, C., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:1956. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-16-0048-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarTzanetakis, I. E., et al. 2007. Virus Res. 127:26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2007.03.010 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarValencia-Botín, A. J., et al. 2013. Australas. Plant Pathol. 42:437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-012-0193-8 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarVan der Vlugt, R. A. A., and Berendsen, M. 2002. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 108:367. Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarZhang, Y., et al. 2016. Austin J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 3:1. Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 12 December 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 20 Nov 2018Published: 10 Oct 2018First Look: 13 Jun 2018Accepted: 9 Jun 2018 Page: 2666 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byFirst report of cactus virus X in Spain4 October 2022 | Australasian Plant Disease Notes, Vol. 17, No. 1First record of Cactus virus X in Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in India7 September 2021 | Indian Phytopathology, Vol. 75, No. 1Cactus virus XCABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumA brief review of plant diseases caused by Cactus virus XCrop Protection, Vol. 143Prevalence and Epidemics of Neoscytalidium Stem and Fruit Canker on Pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.) in South FloridaCheng-Fang Hong, Romina Gazis, Jonathan H. Crane, and Shouan Zhang9 March 2020 | Plant Disease, Vol. 104, No. 5