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Immune checkpoint inhibitor re-challenge in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

2018; Impact Journals LLC; Volume: 9; Issue: 64 Linguagem: Inglês

10.18632/oncotarget.25949

1949-2553

Maiko Niki, Aya Nakaya, Takayasu Kurata, Hiroshige Yoshioka, Toshihiko Kaneda, Kayoko Kibata, Makoto Ogata, Shosaku� Nomura,

Lung Cancer Research Studies

// Maiko Niki 1 , Aya Nakaya 1 , Takayasu Kurata 1 , Hiroshige Yoshioka 1 , Toshihiko Kaneda 1 , Kayoko Kibata 1 , Makoto Ogata 1 and Shosaku Nomura 1 1 First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan Correspondence to: Aya Nakaya, email: nakaya1016@yahoo.co.jp Keywords: immune checkpoint inhibitor; nivolumab; pembrolizumab; re-challenge; non-small cell lung cancer Received: June 11, 2018 Accepted: July 21, 2018 Published: August 17, 2018 ABSTRACT Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have dramatically changed lung cancer treatment, demonstrating an overall survival benefit. There are limited data about re-challenge in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We attempted to address this question for re-challenge of immune checkpoint inhibitor in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab and re-challenged with nivolumab/pemblorizumab at Kansai Medical University Hospital from December 2015 to December 2017. Results: Three patients achieved PR and two patients were in SD. These patients were apt to be good responders to the initial treatment, to develop immune-related adverse events and to be immediately started on re-challenge with immune checkpoint inhibitor. The median PFS was 2.7 (range, 0.5–16.1) months. Five patients (45%) had mild to moderate immune-related adverse events. Conclusion: Our study shows the effectiveness of re-challenge of immune checkpoint inhibitors in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Re-challenge might become one of treatment option for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.