Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Developments in the MPI‐M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI‐ESM1.2) and Its Response to Increasing CO 2

2019; Wiley; Volume: 11; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1029/2018ms001400

1942-2466

Thorsten Mauritsen, Jürgen Bader, Tobias Becker, Jörg Behrens, Matthias Bittner, Renate Brokopf, Victor Brovkin, Martin Claußen, Traute Crueger, Monika Esch, Irina Fast, Stephanie Fiedler, Dagmar Fläschner, Veronika Gayler, M. A. Giorgetta, Daniel S. Goll, Helmuth Haak, Stefan Hagemann, Christopher Hedemann, Cathy Hohenegger, Tatiana Ilyina, Thomas M. Jahns, Diego Jiménez-De-La-Cuesta Otero, Johann Jungclaus, Thomas Kleinen, Silvia Kloster, Daniela Kracher, Stefan Kinne, Deike Kleberg, Gitta Lasslop, Luis Kornblueh, Jochem Marotzke, Daniela Matei, Katharina Meraner, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Kameswarrao Modali, Benjamin Möbis, Wolfgang A. Müller, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Christine Nam, Dirk Notz, Sylvia S. Nyawira, Hanna Paulsen, Karsten Peters, Robert Pincus, Holger Pohlmann, Julia Pongratz, Max Popp, Thomas Raddatz, Sebastian Rast, René Redler, Christian H. Reick, Tim Rohrschneider, Vera Schemann, Hauke Schmidt, Reiner Schnur, Uwe Schulzweida, Katharina Six, Lukas Stein, Irene Stemmler, Björn Stevens, Jin‐Song von Storch, Fangxing Tian, Aiko Voigt, Philipp de Vrese, Karl‐Hermann Wieners, Stiig Wilkenskjeld, Alexander J. Winkler, E. Roeckner,

Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations

A new release of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) is presented. The development focused on correcting errors in and improving the physical processes representation, as well as improving the computational performance, versatility, and overall user friendliness. In addition to new radiation and aerosol parameterizations of the atmosphere, several relatively large, but partly compensating, coding errors in the model's cloud, convection, and turbulence parameterizations were corrected. The representation of land processes was refined by introducing a multilayer soil hydrology scheme, extending the land biogeochemistry to include the nitrogen cycle, replacing the soil and litter decomposition model and improving the representation of wildfires. The ocean biogeochemistry now represents cyanobacteria prognostically in order to capture the response of nitrogen fixation to changing climate conditions and further includes improved detritus settling and numerous other refinements. As something new, in addition to limiting drift and minimizing certain biases, the instrumental record warming was explicitly taken into account during the tuning process. To this end, a very high climate sensitivity of around 7 K caused by low-level clouds in the tropics as found in an intermediate model version was addressed, as it was not deemed possible to match observed warming otherwise. As a result, the model has a climate sensitivity to a doubling of CO