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Relation of El Niño and La Niña phenomena to precipitation, evapotranspiration and temperature in the Amazon basin

2018; Elsevier BV; Volume: 651; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.242

1879-1026

Marks Melo Moura, Alexandre Rosa dos Santos, José Eduardo Macedo Pezzopane, Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre, Samuel Ferreira da Silva, Stefania Marques Pimentel, Maria Sueliane Santos de Andrade, Felipe Gimenes Rodrigues Silva, Elvis Ricardo Figueira Branco, Taís Rizzo Moreira, Rosane Gomes da Silva, José Romário de Carvalho,

Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics

Weather phenomena El Niño and La Niña are observed by meteorological variables, which allows you to track climate change and its possible effects in certain regions. The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of rainfall, temperature and evapotranspiration in the Amazon river basin (Latitudes 5° N to 20° S and Longitudes 50° W to 80° W), comparing them with the occurrence of El Niño and La Niña phenomena, from January 2000 to December 2016. The values referring to the meteorological variables were obtained from the TRMM and MODIS orbital sensors. After data pre-processing, the data were separated into monthly and annual scales and per period according to the presence or absence of El Niño and La Niña phenomena. Based on the results obtained, it was observed that the studied variables were affected by modification of both phenomena. The modifications are more noticeable in the distinction between the more and less rainy periods. Among the variables studied, the evapotranspiration was severely affected in the rainiest months, the La Niña phenomenon, and the least rainy months, El Niño. Thus, it was possible to conclude that, in general, the presence of La Niña increased precipitation values in comparison to the Neutral period, but the inverse occurs in the presence of El Niño. The methodology applied in the present study was adequate for the analysis of the modifications of the meteorological variables coming from the El Niño and La Niña phenomena, being able to be adapted to other variables and regions.