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Physiology and growth of cashew ‘anão precoce’ (Anacardium occidentale L.) subjected to salt stress and organic fertilization

2018; Southern Cross Publishing; Volume: 12; Issue: 07 Linguagem: Inglês

10.21475/ajcs.18.12.07.pne1122

1835-2693

Elysson Marcks Gonçalves Andrade, Geovani Soares de Lima, Vera Lúcia Antunes de Lima, Hans Raj Gheyi, André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva, Pedro Dantas Fernandes, Leandro de Pádua Souza, Saulo Soares da Silva,

Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism

Cultivation of cashew in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil is pivotal for the generation of jobs and income.However, agricultural production in this region has been compromised by water and soil salinity.Therefore, it is necessary to look for alternatives that minimize the effects of salt stress on cashew cultivation in this region.In this context, this study aimed to evaluate gas exchanges, photochemical efficiency and growth of cashew 'anão precoce' cv.BRS 226 Planalto' irrigated with water containing different salinity levels and under organic fertilizer doses.The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design in 5 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates.Treatments corresponded to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity -ECw (0.7, 1.4, 2.1, 2.8 and 3.5 dS m -1) and four doses of organic fertilization (2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5%).Organic fertilizer doses were determined on the basis of soil volume.Bovine manure was used as source of organic fertilizer.The fertilizer was decomposed and applied in the soil before planting.Irrigation water salinity from 0.7 dS m -1 caused increase in the internal CO 2 concentration and reduction in CO 2 assimilation rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance of cashew 'anão precoce' plants, 126 days after transplantation.The results showed that chlorophyll a fluorescence and the absolute and relative growth rates were influenced by the increase of salinity in irrigation water.Organic fertilization had negative influence on gas exchanges, chlorophyll a fluorescence and growth of cashew 'anão precoce' in the post-grafting stage.