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Lifestyle Intervention Decreases Urine Trimethylamine N ‐Oxide Levels in Prepubertal Children with Obesity

2018; Wiley; Volume: 26; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/oby.22271

1930-739X

María Jesús Leal-Witt, M. Villangómez Llobet, Sara Samino, Pol Castellano‐Escuder, Daniel Cuadras, Josep C. Jiménez‐Chillarón, Óscar Yanes, Marta Ramón-Krauel, Carles Lerín,

Birth, Development, and Health

Objective Early lifestyle interventions in children with obesity decrease risk of obesity and metabolic disorders during adulthood. This study aimed to identify metabolic signatures associated with lifestyle intervention in urine samples from prepubertal children with obesity. Methods Thirty‐four prepubertal children with obesity were studied before and after a 6‐month lifestyle intervention program, and anthropometric, metabolic, and nutritional variables were collected. A nuclear magnetic resonance approach was applied to obtain the metabolomic profile from urine samples. Partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was used to achieve group classification and variable importance on projection (VIP) for biomarker selection. Results The intervention reduced caloric intake by 10% ( P < 0.05) and BMI standard deviation score by 0.47 SD ( P < 0.001). PLS‐DA identified trimethylamine N ‐oxide (TMAO, VIP = 2.21) as the metabolite with the highest discrimination properties between groups. Urine TMAO levels were reduced after the intervention ( P < 0.05). TMAO is a biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk and is a product of gut microbiota‐dependent metabolism of certain dietary compounds, including choline. Notably, changes in TMAO levels after the intervention did not correlate to differences in choline intake but were inversely associated with fiber intake (P < 0.05). Conclusions These results indicate that lifestyle intervention decreases TMAO levels in children with obesity.