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Effect of different doses of nitrogen fertilizing on the grain and fodder productivity of winter rye varieties in the conditions of the Republic of Mari El

2018; Volume: 65; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.30766/2072-9081.2018.65.4.36-41

2500-1396

V. A. Maksimov, R. I. Zolotareva, R. B. Maksimova,

Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology

The results of the study of new winter rye varieties based on a set of economically valuable traits on sodpodzolic soils of the Republic of Mari El are provided. The varieties of domestic breeding (Tatiana - control, Moscovskaya 15, Rada, Yantamaya) participated in the trial against the background of the basic application of N 24 P 24 K 24 at various levels of nitrogen nutrition (N 0 , N 45 in spring with renewal of vegetation, N 15 in the earing phase, N45 in spring with renewal of vegetation + N 15 in the earing phase). So, Rada variety significantly exceeded the control variant (Tatiana variety) by 0.94 t/ha. Below the standard were Moscovskaya 15 and Yantarnaya varieties. If the latter showed a tendency to decrease the yield (by 0.33 t/ha), Moscovskaya 15 was 0.8 t/ha lower than the control. Different options of nitrogen fertilizing significantly increased grain and fodder yield. The maximum value of these indicators is noted when applying nitrogen fertilizers in a dose of N 45 (in spring with the renewal of vegetation) + N 15 (during the earing phase). The application of mineral nutrition increases the cost of grain production. According to the results of the economic analyses the lowest cost price (2.9 rubles/kg) and the highest profitability rates were noted when cultivating Rada variety on variants with application of N 45 into fertilizing (188.0%) and N 15 into top dressing during the earing phase (192.3%). The introduction of nitrogen fertilizing in these variants against the background of the main application of azophoska in a dose of 1.5 dt / ha led to an increase in the cost of one kilogram of grain to 3.3 rubles, but it was still highly profitable (the profitability levels of grain production were 157% and 156% respectively).