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The Multifaceted Antibacterial Mechanisms of the Pioneering Peptide Antibiotics Tyrocidine and Gramicidin S

2018; American Society for Microbiology; Volume: 9; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1128/mbio.00802-18

2161-2129

Michaela Wenzel, Marina Rautenbach, J. Arnold Vosloo, Tjalling Siersma, Christopher Aisenbrey, Ekaterina Zaitseva, Wikus Ernst Laubscher, Wilma van Rensburg, Jan C. Behrends, Burkhard Bechinger, Leendert W. Hamoen,

Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

Cyclic β-sheet decapeptides, such as tyrocidines and gramicidin S, were among the first antibiotics in clinical application. Although they have been used for such a long time, there is virtually no resistance to them, which has led to a renewed interest in this peptide class. Both tyrocidines and gramicidin S are thought to disrupt the bacterial membrane. However, this knowledge is mainly derived from in vitro studies, and there is surprisingly little knowledge about how these long-established antibiotics kill bacteria. Our results shed new light on the antibacterial mechanism of β-sheet peptide antibiotics and explain why they are still so effective and why there is so little resistance to them.