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Eculizumab Is Safe and Effective as a Long‐term Treatment for Protein‐losing Enteropathy Due to CD55 Deficiency

2018; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 68; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1097/mpg.0000000000002198

1536-4801

Alina Kurolap, Orly Eshach Adiv, Tova Hershkovitz, Adi Tabib, Netanel Karbian, Tamar Paperna, Adi Mory, Arcadi Vachyan, Nadav Slijper, Ran Steinberg, Yaniv Zohar, Dror Mevorach, Hagit Baris Feldman,

Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies

Loss of the complement inhibitor CD55 leads to a syndrome of early-onset protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia and susceptibility to large-vein thrombosis. The in vitro and short-term treatment benefits of eculizumab (C5-inhibitor) therapy for CD55-deficiency have been previously demonstrated. Here we present the 18-months treatment outcomes for 3 CD55-deficiency patients with sustained therapeutic response.Three CD55-deficiency patients received off-label eculizumab treatment. Clinical and laboratory treatment outcomes included frequency and consistency of bowl movements, weight, patient/parent reports of overall well-being, and serum albumin and total protein levels. Membrane attack complex deposition on leukocytes was tested by flow cytometry, before and during eculizumab treatment.Marked clinical improvement was noted in all 3 patients with resolution of PLE manifestations, that is, diarrhea, edema, malabsorption, overall well-being, growth, and quality of life. In correlation with the clinical observations, we observed progress in all laboratory outcome parameters, including increase in albumin and total protein levels, and up to 80% reduction in membrane attack complex deposition on leukocytes (P < 0.001). The progress persisted over 18 months of treatment without any severe adverse events.CD55-deficiency patients present with early-onset diarrhea, edema, severe hypoalbuminemia, abdominal pain, and malnutrition. Targeted therapy with the terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab has positive clinical and laboratory outcomes in PLE related to CD55 loss-of-function mutations, previously a life-threatening condition. Our results demonstrate the potential of genetic diagnosis to guide tailored treatment, and underscore the significant role of the complement system in the intestine.