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Breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana through lithospheric delamination: Evidence from the Tibetan Plateau

2018; Geological Society of America; Volume: 131; Issue: 3-4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1130/b31958.1

1943-2674

Yiming Liu, Chao-Ming Xie, Cai Li, Sanzhong Li, M. Santosh, Ming Wang, Jian‐Jun Fan,

High-pressure geophysics and materials

Research Article| November 27, 2018 Breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana through lithospheric delamination: Evidence from the Tibetan Plateau Yiming Liu; Yiming Liu 1Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Chaoming Xie; Chaoming Xie § 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China §Corresponding author: xcmxcm1983@126.com. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Cai Li; Cai Li 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Sanzhong Li; Sanzhong Li 1Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar M. Santosh; M. Santosh 1Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China4School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China5Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ming Wang; Ming Wang 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jianjun Fan Jianjun Fan 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Yiming Liu 1Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China Chaoming Xie § 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China Cai Li 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China Sanzhong Li 1Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China M. Santosh 1Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China4School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China5Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia Ming Wang 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China Jianjun Fan 3The College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China §Corresponding author: xcmxcm1983@126.com. Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 05 Nov 2017 Revision Received: 06 Aug 2018 Accepted: 03 Oct 2018 First Online: 27 Nov 2018 Online Issn: 1943-2674 Print Issn: 0016-7606 © 2018 Geological Society of America GSA Bulletin (2019) 131 (3-4): 675–697. https://doi.org/10.1130/B31958.1 Article history Received: 05 Nov 2017 Revision Received: 06 Aug 2018 Accepted: 03 Oct 2018 First Online: 27 Nov 2018 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Yiming Liu, Chaoming Xie, Cai Li, Sanzhong Li, M. Santosh, Ming Wang, Jianjun Fan; Breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana through lithospheric delamination: Evidence from the Tibetan Plateau. GSA Bulletin 2018;; 131 (3-4): 675–697. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31958.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract The central-southern Tibetan Plateau represents an important part of the northern segment of the Gondwanan supercontinent during the early Paleozoic. Here, we present zircon U-Pb, Lu-Hf isotope, and whole-rock geochemical data from the early Paleozoic Duguer magmatic suite of the central Tibetan Plateau, with a view to gain insights into the geotectonic evolution of the northern margin of Gondwana. A granite gneiss yielded an emplacement age of 453 ± 2 Ma with negative εHf(t) values (–7.1 to –3.8). Zircon grains in three andesite samples are dated at ca. 475 Ma, whereas basalt and gabbro yielded ages of 483 ± 3 Ma and 490 ± 9 Ma, respectively. The andesitic and mafic rocks show εHf(t) values of –6.6 to 2.2 and –9.2 to 1.2, respectively. Geochemically, the granite gneiss is high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonitic, and it belongs to the aluminous A-type granite suite. The andesite rocks display slightly negative Eu, Nb, and Ta anomalies. The mafic rocks geochemically resemble enriched mid-ocean-ridge basalt (E-MORB) with no Nb and Ta depletions. We suggest that the protolith of the granite gneiss was derived from partial melting of ancient continental basement with minor mantle input and fractional crystallization. The andesitic and mafic rocks were derived from low- to medium-degree partial melting of an enriched mantle (garnet peridotite) that was contaminated by minor lower-crustal components. The andesitic and mafic rocks probably represent melts generated by high and low extents of fractional crystallization, respectively. The compression and extension are related, as is evidenced by the modern-day Himalayan orogenic belt. The Pan-African collisional orogeny represents the final assembly of eastern and western Gondwana. We posit that this orogenic event would have generated extension parallel to the orogenic belt, as well as lithospheric extension and thinning (delamination). Therefore, we conclude that the late Cambrian–Late Ordovician Duguer magmatic suite studied here represents the products of lithospheric delamination. The observed Cambrian–Ordovician unconformities on the central-southern Tibetan Plateau can be attributed to extension in a rift basin caused by lithospheric thinning and collapse of the orogenic belt. Lithospheric delamination may have initiated the breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana. 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