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Effect of magnetic anisotropy on skyrmions with a high topological number in itinerant magnets

2019; American Physical Society; Volume: 99; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1103/physrevb.99.094420

2469-9977

Satoru Hayami, Yukitoshi Motome,

Advanced Condensed Matter Physics

We report our numerical results for the effect of magnetic anisotropy on a skyrmion crystal with a high topological number of two, which was recently discovered in an itinerant electron model [R. Ozawa, S. Hayami, and Y. Motome, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 147205 (2017)]. By performing numerical simulations based on the kernel polynomial method and the Langevin dynamics for the Kondo lattice model on a triangular lattice, we find that the topological property remains robust against single-ion anisotropy, while the magnetic texture is deformed continuously. The resultant spin structure is characterized by three wave numbers (triple-$Q$ state), in which the $xy$ component of the spins forms a magnetic vortex crystal and the $z$ component of the spins behaves as a sinusoidal wave. For a larger anisotropy, we show that the system exhibits a phase transition from a skyrmion crystal to topologically trivial phases with vanishing scalar chirality: a single-$Q$ collinear state and double-$Q$ noncoplanar states for the easy-axis and easy-plane anisotropy, respectively. We also examine the effect of single-ion anisotropy in an external magnetic field, and find that the field range of the skyrmion crystal is rather insensitive to the anisotropy, in contrast to another skyrmion crystal with a topological number of one whose field range is considerably extended (reduced) by the easy-axis (easy-plane) anisotropy.