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Chapter 1. Introduction to Electrochromism

2019; Royal Society of Chemistry; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1039/9781788016667-00001

2046-0074

Ming Hui Chua, Tao Tang, Kok‐Haw Ong, Wei Teng Neo, Jian Wei Xu,

Conducting polymers and applications

Electrochromic (EC) materials exhibit colour changes between coloured and colourless states, or between two or more coloured states in response to an external electrical bias. The reversible colour changes of the EC materials are attributed to changes in their absorption behaviors in the UV–visible–near-infrared (NIR) region as a consequence of electrochemical oxidation and reduction. The clear understanding of the underlying fundamental principles of EC materials and their devices allows the colour-changing property to be translatable into many useful applications. This introductory chapter provides readers with a broad overview of the fundamentals of electrochromics and outlines many useful applications of the EC technologies in our daily lives including smart windows, mirrors, ophthalmic lenses, chameleonic textiles and wearable devices.