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Bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and approaches to its treatment and prevention

2018; Elsevier BV; Volume: 4; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01067

2405-8440

Zohra Khatoon, Christopher D. McTiernan, Erik J. Suuronen, Thien‐Fah Mah, Emilio I. Alarcón,

Orthopedic Infections and Treatments

In living organisms, biofilms are defined as complex communities of bacteria residing within an exopolysaccharide matrix that adheres to a surface. In the clinic, they are typically the cause of chronic, nosocomial, and medical device-related infections. Due to the antibiotic-resistant nature of biofilms, the use of antibiotics alone is ineffective for treating biofilm-related infections. In this review, we present a brief overview of concepts of bacterial biofilm formation, and current state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches for preventing and treating biofilms. Also, we have reviewed the prevalence of such infections on medical devices and discussed the future challenges that need to be overcome in order to successfully treat biofilms using the novel technologies being developed.