Layering Transition in Superfluid Helium Adsorbed on a Carbon Nanotube Mechanical Resonator
2019; American Physical Society; Volume: 122; Issue: 16 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1103/physrevlett.122.165301
ISSN1092-0145
AutoresAdrien Noury, J. Vergara-Cruz, Pascal Morfin, Bernard Plaçais, M. C. Gordillo, J. Boronat, S. Balibar, Adrian Bachtold,
Tópico(s)Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
ResumoHelium is recognized as a model system for the study of phase transitions. Of particular interest is the superfluid phase in two dimensions. We report measurements on superfluid helium films adsorbed on the surface of a suspended carbon nanotube. We measure the mechanical vibrations of the nanotube to probe the adsorbed helium film. We demonstrate the formation of helium layers up to five atoms thickness. Upon increasing the vapor pressure, we observe layer-by-layer growth with discontinuities in both the number of adsorbed atoms and the speed of the third sound in the adsorbed film. These hitherto unobserved discontinuities point to a series of first-order layering transitions. Our results show that helium multilayers adsorbed on a nanotube are of unprecedented quality compared to previous works. They pave the way to new studies of quantized superfluid vortex dynamics on cylindrical surfaces, of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in this new geometry, and perhaps also to supersolidity in crystalline single layers as predicted in quantum Monte Carlo calculations.Received 17 September 2018DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.165301© 2019 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasNanofluidicsPhysical SystemsHelium-4 superfluidsNanomechanical devicesNanotubesFluid Dynamics
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