Composición, estructura y condición de las comunidades de corales pétreos y de peces en áreas protegidas de la provincia Granma, Cuba/Composition, structure and condition of stony corals and fish communities in protected areas the province Granma, Cuba
2014; University of Havana; Volume: 34; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Espanhol
ISSN
0252-1962
Autores Tópico(s)Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
ResumoSe analizo la composicion, estructura y condicion de las comunidades de corales petreos y peces del Parque Nacional Desembarco del Granma (PNDG) y Refugio de Fauna Managuano (RFMG), provincia Granma, Cuba. Los muestreos se efectuaron en julio de 2012. Se realizaron 53 transectos lineales de 10 m y se contaron 570 colonias de corales. La lista de peces se confecciono utilizando el metodo de censo de buzo errante durante 50 min. Para la densidad y la biomasa por especies se aplico el metodo estacionario de 5 m de radio. En PNDG se observaron 25 especies de corales pertenecientes a 14 generos, 11 familias y 2 ordenes; en cuanto a peces, se constato la presencia de 97 especies, correspondientes a 55 generos, 34 familias y 8 ordenes. En RFMG fueron observadas 18 especies de corales concernientes a 10 generos, 9 familias y 2 ordenes, asi como 56 de peces que pertenecen a 34 generos, 23 familias y 6 ordenes. La mortalidad antigua de corales alcanzo como maximo 18,3 % y la cobertura viva se manifesto entre 6,8 % y 19,2 %. No se detectaron enfermedades. La composicion y estructura de las comunidades de corales petreos en el PNDG y el RFMG no difieren significativamente de las descritas para otros arrecifes coralinos cubanos. La clasificacion de condicion de los arrecifes fue buena. La ictiofauna no presento altos niveles de riqueza, lo que pudiera ser el resultado de la pesca de subsistencia observada en las zonas ecologicas estudiadas. Abstract The composition, structure and condition of stony coral and fish communities in the Desembarco del Granma National Park (PNDG) and the Managuano Fauna Refuge (RFMG) in the province of Granma, Cuba were analyzed. Sampling took place in July 2012. For stony corals, 53 line transects were set and 570 coral colonies were counted. Fishes were listed using the drift diving census method for 50 min., while for species density and biomass the five-meter radius stationary me-thod was applied. In the PNDG 25 species of corals of 14 genera, 11 families and 2 orders were recorded; also 97 fish species from 55 genera, 34 families and 8 orders. In the RFMG, 18 coral species from 10 genera, 9 families and 2 orders as well as 56 fish species from 34 genera, 23 families and 6 orders, were recorded. Average old mortality in corals was 18 % and live coral cover ranged from 6,8 % to 19,2 %. No disease was detected. The composition and structure of stony corals in the PNDG and the RFMG were not significantly different from those described for other Cuban coral reefs; health of such communities was regarded as good. Richness of fish species was not high, probably due to the effect of fisheries in the said areas. Cuba; fishes; protected areas; reefs; stony corals
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