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Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Advanced Cancer and Pre-Existing Autoimmune Diseases Treated with Anti-Programmed Death-1 Immunotherapy: A Real-World Transverse Study

2019; AlphaMed Press; Volume: 24; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0618

1549-490X

Alessio Cortellini, Sebastiano Buti, Daniele Santini, Fabiana Perrone, Raffaele Giusti, Marcello Tiseo, Melissa Bersanelli, Maria Michiara, Antonino Grassadonia, Davide Brocco, Nicola Tinari, Michele De Tursi, Federica Zoratto, Enzo Veltri, Riccardo Marconcini, Francesco Malorgio, Carlo Garufi, Marco Russano, Cecilia Anesi, Tea Zeppola, Marco Filetti, Paolo Marchetti, Andrea Botticelli, Gian Carlo Antonini Cappellini, Federica De Galitiis, Maria Giuseppa Vitale, Roberto Sabbatini, Sergio Bracarda, Rossana Berardi, Silvia Rinaldi, Marianna Tudini, Rosa Rita Silva, Annagrazia Pireddu, Francesco Atzori, Rita Chiari, Biagio Ricciuti, Daniela Iacono, Maria Rita Migliorino, Antônio Rossi, Giampiero Porzio, Katia Cannita, Valeria Ciciarelli, Maria Concetta Fargnoli, Paolo A. Ascierto, Corrado Ficorella,

PARP inhibition in cancer therapy

Abstract Background Patients with a history of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have not usually been included in clinical trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Materials and Methods Consecutive patients with advanced cancer, treated with anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) agents, were evaluated according to the presence of pre-existing AIDs. The incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and clinical outcomes were compared among subgroups. Results A total of 751 patients were enrolled; median age was 69 years. Primary tumors were as follows: non-small cell lung cancer, 492 (65.5%); melanoma, 159 (21.2%); kidney cancer, 94 (12.5%); and others, 6 (0.8%). Male/female ratio was 499/252. Eighty-five patients (11.3%) had pre-existing AIDs, further differentiated in clinically active (17.6%) and inactive (82.4%). Among patients with pre-existing AIDs, incidence of irAEs of any grade was significantly higher when compared with patients without AIDs (65.9% vs. 39.9%). At multivariate analysis, both inactive (p = .0005) and active pre-existing AIDs (p = .0162), female sex (p = .0004), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status <2 (p = .0030) were significantly related to a higher incidence of irAEs of any grade. No significant differences were observed regarding grade 3/4 irAEs and objective response rate among subgroups. Pre-existing AIDs were not significantly related with progression-free survival and overall survival. Conclusion This study quantifies the increased risk of developing irAEs in patients with pre-existing AIDs who had to be treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the incidence of grade 3/4 irAEs is not significantly higher when compared with control population. The finding of a greater incidence of irAEs among female patients ranks among the “hot topics” in gender-related differences in immuno-oncology.