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Cognitive Frailty and Mortality in a National Cohort of Older Adults: the Role of Physical Activity

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 94; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.10.027

1942-5546

Irene Esteban‐Cornejo, Verónica Cabanas‐Sánchez, Sara Higueras‐Fresnillo, Francisco B. Ortega, Arthur F. Kramer, Fernando Rodríguez‐Artalejo, David Martínez‐Gómez,

Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life

To examine the association between cognitive frailty and long-term all-cause mortality and the stratified and combined associations of physical activity and cognitive frailty with long-term all-cause mortality in a population-based cohort of older adults from Spain.A representative cohort of 3677 noninstitutionalized individuals from Spain aged 60 years or older was recruited between April 17, 2000, and April 28, 2001, with follow-up through December 28, 2014. Information on self-reported physical activity and cognitive frailty status were collected at baseline. Analyses were performed with Cox regression after adjustment for confounders.The median follow-up was 14 years (range, 0.03-14.25 years), corresponding to 40,447 person-years, with a total of 1634 deaths. The hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality among participants with cognitive frailty compared with robust participants was 1.69 (95% CI, 1.43-2.01). Being active was associated with a mortality reduction of 36% (95% CI, 21%-47%) in cognitively frail individuals. Compared with those who were robust and active, participants with cognitive frailty who were inactive had the highest mortality risk (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.73-2.61), which was equivalent to being 6.8 (95% CI, 5.33-7.99) years older.Cognitive frailty was more markedly associated with increased mortality in inactive older adults, and being active reduced the mortality risk among cognitively frail individuals by 36%. These novel results highlight that engaging in physical activity could improve survival among cognitively frail older adults.