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Evaluation of cytotoxic potential, oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of organic extracts of Pityrocarpa moniliformis

2019; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 82; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/15287394.2019.1576563

1087-2620

Tamiris Alves Rocha, Danielle Feijó de Moura, Marllyn Marques da Silva, Talita Giselly dos Santos Souza, Maria Aparecida da Conceição de Lira, Dayane de Melo Barros, Alexandre Gomes da Silva, Rafael Matos Ximenes, Emerson Peter da Silva Falcão, Cristiano Aparecido Chagas, Francisco Carlos Amanajás de Aguiar Júnior, Noêmia Pereira da Silva Santos, Márcia Vanusa da Silva, Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia,

Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies

The objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of organic extracts of P. moniliformis in vitro and identify the acute toxicity and genotoxicity in vivo. The leaves were extracted using three organic solvents (cyclohexane [EP1], ethyl acetate [EP2], and methanol [EP3]). Phytochemical qualitative analysis was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Cytotoxicity tests were performed on human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and J774 murine macrophages. Acute toxicity in mice was measured after intraperitoneal (ip) administration of 2000 mg/kg, while evaluation of genotoxicity and mutagenicity were assessed using the comet assay and the micronucleus (MN) test, respectively. The TLC analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, and saponins. In the cytotoxicity assay, extracts EP1 and EP3 altered proliferation of HEK cells, and all organic extracts increased the viability of J774 cells. In the toxicity tests, no deaths or behavioral alterations were observed in mice exposed to the acute dose of the extracts. Although some extracts led to changes in hematological and histological parameters, these results did not indicate physiological changes. In relation to the MN test and comet assay, no significant changes were detected in the DNA of the animals tested with the extracts EP1, EP2, and EP3. Thus, extracts of P. moniliformis were not considered to be toxic and did not induce formation of MN or damage to cellular DNA in the genotoxicity tests.