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Association between solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 113; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.001

1879-1379

Michael Bauer, Tasha Glenn, Martin Alda, Ole A. Andreassen, Elias Angelopoulos, Raffaella Ardau, Yavuz Ayhan, Christopher Baethge, Rita Bauer, Bernhard T. Baune, Claudia Becerra‐Palars, Frank Bellivier, Robert H. Belmaker, Michael Berk, Yuly Bersudsky, Şule Bıçakcı, Harriet Birabwa-Oketcho, Thomas Bjella, Jorge Cabrera, Eric Yat Wo Cheung, Maria Del Zompo, Seetal Dodd, Markus Donix, Bruno Étain, Andrea Fagiolini, Konstantinos Ν. Fountoulakis, Mark A. Frye, Ana González‐Pinto, John F. Gottlieb, Paul Grof, Hirohiko Harima, Chantal Henry, Erkki Isometsä, Sven Janno, Flávio Kapczinski, Mathias Kardell, Slim Khaldi, Sebastian Kliwicki, Barbara König, Timur L. Kot, Rikke Krogh, Maurício Kunz, Beny Lafer, Mikael Landén, Erik Roj Larsen, Ute Lewitzka, Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Carlos López‐Jaramillo, Glenda MacQueen, Mirko Manchia, Wendy Marsh, Mónica Martínez‐Cengotitabengoa, Ingrid Melle, Fátima Meza-Urzúa, Mok Yee Ming, Scott Monteith, Gunnar Morken, Enrica Mosca, Anton A. Mozzhegorov, Rodrigo Muñoz, Starlin Vijay Mythri, F. Nacef, Ravi Kumar Nadella, Fabiano G. Nery, René Ernst Nielsen, Claire O’Donovan, Adel Omrani, Yamima Osher, Helle Østermark Sørensen, Uta Ouali, Yolanda Pica Ruiz, Maximilian Pilhatsch, Marco Pinna, Francisco Diego Rabelo da Ponte, Danilo Quiroz, Raj Ramesar, Natalie Rasgon, M. S. Reddy, Andreas Reif, Philipp Ritter, Janusz Rybakowski, Kemal Sagduyu, Bharathram Sathur Raghuraman, Ângela Miranda Scippa, Emanuel Severus, Christian Simhandl, Paul W. Stackhouse, Dan J. Stein, Sergio Strejilevich, Mythily Subramaniam, Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman, Kirsi Suominen, Hiromi Tagata, Yoshitaka Tatebayashi, Leonardo Tondo, Carla Torrent, Arne E. Vaaler, Edgar Arrua Vares, Julia Veeh, Eduard Vieta, Biju Viswanath, María Yoldi‐Negrete, Mark Zetin, Yosra Zgueb, Peter C. Whybrow,

Health disparities and outcomes

In many international studies, rates of completed suicide and suicide attempts have a seasonal pattern that peaks in spring or summer. This exploratory study investigated the association between solar insolation and a history of suicide attempt in patients with bipolar I disorder. Solar insolation is the amount of electromagnetic energy from the Sun striking a surface area on Earth. Data were collected previously from 5536 patients with bipolar I disorder at 50 collection sites in 32 countries at a wide range of latitudes in both hemispheres. Suicide related data were available for 3365 patients from 310 onset locations in 51 countries. 1047 (31.1%) had a history of suicide attempt. There was a significant inverse association between a history of suicide attempt and the ratio of mean winter solar insolation/mean summer solar insolation. This ratio is smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. This ratio is largest near the equator where there is relatively little variation in the insolation over the year. Other variables in the model that were positively associated with suicide attempt were being female, a history of alcohol or substance abuse, and being in a younger birth cohort. Living in a country with a state-sponsored religion decreased the association. (All estimated coefficients p < 0.01). In summary, living in locations with large changes in solar insolation between winter and summer may be associated with increased suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder. Further investigation of the impacts of solar insolation on the course of bipolar disorder is needed.