Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
First Report of Cophinforma atrovirens Causing Stem Rot and Dieback of Cashew Plants in Brazil
2019; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 103; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-09-18-1574-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresJ. E. Cardoso, Wéverson Lima Fonseca, F. M. P. Viana, Márcio Akio Ootani, F. S. A. Araújo, S. O. S. Brasil, A. L. M. Mesquita, Cristiano S. Lima,
Tópico(s)Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 7First Report of Cophinforma atrovirens Causing Stem Rot and Dieback of Cashew Plants in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTESFirst Report of Cophinforma atrovirens Causing Stem Rot and Dieback of Cashew Plants in BrazilJ. E. Cardoso, W. L. Fonseca, F. M. P. Viana, M. A. Ootani, F. S. A. Araújo, S. O. S. Brasil, A. L. M. Mesquita, and C. S. LimaJ. E. Cardoso†Corresponding author: J. E. Cardoso; E-mail Address: [email protected]http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-8451Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, W. L. FonsecaEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, F. M. P. VianaEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, M. A. OotaniEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, F. S. A. AraújoEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, S. O. S. BrasilEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, A. L. M. MesquitaEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, and C. S. Limahttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3214-5901Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, CEP 60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, BrazilAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations J. E. Cardoso1 † W. L. Fonseca1 F. M. P. Viana1 M. A. Ootani1 F. S. A. Araújo1 S. O. S. Brasil1 A. L. M. Mesquita1 C. S. Lima2 1Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Caixa Postal 3761, CEP 6060511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 2Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, CEP 60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil Published Online:10 May 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1574-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a plant of great economic and social importance for northeastern Brazil. In 2015, while conducting a survey in a newly established 90-ha cashew orchard in Barra do Corda, State of Maranhão (05°30′20″S; 45°14′36″W), a shoot and stem rot followed by dieback symptoms were observed in about 30% of plants (CP 76 and BRS 189 clonal cultivars). Isolations from infected tissues revealed a whitish, cottony fungal colony, which later turned gray on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Upon the absence of sporulation under PDA media, mycelial disks from the edge of the colony were transferred to autoclaved fruits of custard apple (Annona squamosa) and incubated at 25°C (Cardoso et al. 2002). Pycnidia were observed after 4 weeks of incubation over the surface of entire fruits. Conidia were hyaline, unicellular, fusiform, and truncated at the base when newly formed, and 33.95 to 53.44 (avg. 47.38) μm in length and 9.13 to 11.47 (avg. 10.59) μm in width (n = 50). No sexual structure was observed. Genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia and the fragments of the genomic regions of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS), β-tubulin (TUB2), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (EF-1α) were amplified by PCR using primers ITS1/ITS4, βT2a/βT2b, and EF1-688F/EF1-1251R, respectively (Coutinho et al. 2017). The PCR products were sequenced and the sequences obtained were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers MF521897 (ITS), MF538773 (βT), and MG209371 (EF1). Multiple alignments of the combined data set of the genomic regions and representative sequences obtained from GenBank were submitted to phylogenetic analysis of maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) and the tree topology tested by the bootstrap method with 1,000 replicates. For the phylogenetic tree, the isolated fungus (BOT456) was grouped in a clade with isolates CMM 1390, CBS 117444, and CMW 13433 of Cophinforma atrovirens with 100% bootstrap support for MP and ML (Dissanayake et al. 2016; Phillips et al. 2013). Morphological and molecular information presented in this study confirmed this species as C. atrovirens. The pathogenicity was evaluated in cashew tree seedlings (clone BRS 189) by injecting a conidial suspension (6.96 × 105 conidia ml−1) into young shoots with insulin syringe. Five inoculated plants and five noninoculated plants (injected with sterile distilled water as control) were kept in a greenhouse at 28°C under natural sunlight and irrigated daily. The onset of symptoms was observed 3 days after inoculation, evolving to complete rot and decaying death of the shoots at 7 days. A fungus with the same morphological characteristics as the original isolate was successfully reisolated from infected tissues, confirming Koch's postulates. C. atrovirens is a fungus of the Botyosphaeriaceae family, which has been reported in association with dieback and cankers in woody plants (Dissanayake et al. 2016; Phillips et al. 2013). The presence of this pathogen in a cashew-growing region, which is commonly subject to water stress, poses a threat to cashew industry development. This is the first report of C. atrovirens on cashew plants in Brazil.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Cardoso, J. E., et al. 2002. Plant Dis. 86:558. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2002.86.5.558B Link, ISI, Google ScholarCoutinho, I. B. L., et al. 2017. Plant Pathol. 66:90. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12565 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarDissanayake, A. J., et al. 2016. Mycosphere 7:1001. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/13 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPhillips, A. J. L., et al. 2013. Stud. Mycol. 76:51. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0021 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 7 July 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionApple cultivar Joya Cripps Red lesions caused by Colletotrichum fructicola (Nodet et al.). Photo credit: P. Nodet. Symptoms of Lotus powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe takamatsui (Zhou et al.). Photo credit: C. Liang. Symptoms of tar spot (Phyllachora maydis) on maize leaves (Dalla Lana et al.). Photo credit: F. Dalla Lana. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 20 Jun 2019Published: 10 May 2019First Look: 7 Mar 2019Accepted: 19 Feb 2019 Pages: 1772-1772 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfungifruittree fruitspathogen detectionThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byFungal Pathogens of Cacao in Puerto Rico15 November 2023 | Plants, Vol. 12, No. 22Disease-Causing Agents in Cashew: A Review in a Tropical Cash Crop18 October 2022 | Agronomy, Vol. 12, No. 10Fungal endophytic community associated with Hevea spp.: diversity, enzymatic activity, and biocontrol potential5 March 2022 | Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 53, No. 2
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