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Simultaneous concentration and chromatographic detection of water pesticides traces using aqueous two-phase system composed of tetrahydrofuran and fructose

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 147; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.033

1095-9149

Filipe Smith Buarque, Cleide Mara Faria Soares, Maria Nogueira Marques, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda, Eliane Bezerra Cavalcanti, Ranyere Lucena de Souza, Álvaro Silva Lima,

Crystallization and Solubility Studies

Diuron is a pesticide widely used in agriculture to control a variety of weeds, and therefore it is often detected in groundwater and surface water. However, the low levels of diuron in water make its identification and quantification unfeasible, causing great inconvenience in the evaluation of its persistence and environmental impact. In this context, a recovery/concentration method for diuron from water is here proposed based on an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) composed of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and fructose. The phase diagrams were determined, and subsequently the recovery of the diuron in THF-rich phase was optimized, ranging between 60.05 and 97.26%. In addition, a 200-fold concentration factor of diuron was achieved using a system composed of 12.49 wt% commercial fructose +60.02 wt% THF + 27.49 wt% water (tie-line-length = 66.27). This system permitted single-step recovery, and concentration for diuron and its degradation compounds, and subsequent use of high-pressure liquid chromatography to identify and quantify these pesticides traces in real samples of water collected in the hydrographic basin from the Japaratuba River, in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. The protocol was used as a proof-of-concept, presenting values of 75–1900 ng·L−1 for these organic pollutants. Based on these results, the work proposes an integrated process to quantify diuron and its degradation compounds, besides recycling and reusing the phase-forming components and anti-solvents employed, increasing their detection power.