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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Combined Sitagliptin and Vitamin D3 on Cytokines Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019; Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.; Volume: 39; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1089/jir.2018.0144

1557-7465

Shiva Borzouei, Vida Sheikh, Morteza Ghasemi, Alireza Zamani, Zahra Telikani, Zohre Zareighane, Iraj Salehi, Azadeh Mozayanimonfared, Mohammad Ali Amirzargar, Mahdi Behzad,

Urticaria and Related Conditions

Studies indicated that imbalance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may contribute to development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We hypothesized that sitagliptin and VitD3 may exert more anti-inflammatory effects on the regulation of cytokine balance in T2DM. Nonnephropathic and nephropathic T2DM patients were divided into the subgroups, based on treatments. The effect of 8 months sitagliptin, alone or together with 2 months of VitD3, on serum IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, IL-6, IL-21, TGF-β, and IL-37 levels was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Increased levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-17 in untreated (without sitagliptin and VitD3) nephropathic and nonnephropathic patients and decreased levels of IL-37 in untreated nephropathic patients were observed compared with healthy controls. Treatment with sitagliptin plus VitD3 reduced the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in both nonnephropathic and nephropathic patients compared with untreated patients. The level of IL-37 was enhanced in patients treated with sitagliptin or sitagliptin plus VitD3, compared with untreated patients. Sitagliptin plus VitD3 treatment increased the levels of IL-4 in nonnephropathic patients. These findings indicated that the sitagliptin plus VitD3 was more effective to reduce the increased proinflammatory IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokines in T2DM patients.