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Nuclear Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins in DNA Repair

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 29; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.tcb.2019.02.010

1879-3088

Verena Hurst, Kenji Shimada, Susan M. Gasser,

Microtubule and mitosis dynamics

Nuclear actin has been implicated in a variety of DNA-related processes including chromatin remodeling, transcription, replication, and DNA repair. However, the mechanistic understanding of actin in these processes has been limited, largely due to a lack of research tools that address the roles of nuclear actin specifically, that is, distinct from its cytoplasmic functions. Recent findings support a model for homology-directed DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in which a complex of ARP2 and ARP3 (actin-binding proteins 2 and 3) binds at the break and works with actin to promote DSB clustering and homology-directed repair. Further, it has been reported that relocalization of heterochromatic DSBs to the nuclear periphery in Drosophila is ARP2/3 dependent and actin-myosin driven. Here we provide an overview of the role of nuclear actin and actin-binding proteins in DNA repair, critically evaluating the experimental tools used and potential indirect effects.