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Acute Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review Investigating miRNA Families Involved

2019; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 20; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/ijms20081841

1661-6596

Enrica Pinchi, Alessandro Frati, Santina Cantatore, Stefano D’Errico, Raffaele La Russa, Aniello Maiese, Mauro Palmieri, Alessandro Pesce, Rocco Valerio Viola, Paola Frati, Vittorio Fineschi,

Mesenchymal stem cell research

Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) involves primary and secondary injury mechanisms. The primary mechanism is related to the initial traumatic damage caused by the damaging impact and this damage is irreversible. Secondary mechanisms, which begin as early as a few minutes after the initial trauma, include processes such as spinal cord ischemia, cellular excitotoxicity, ionic dysregulation, and free radical-mediated peroxidation. SCI is featured by different forms of injury, investigating the pathology and degree of clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies, the animal models that have allowed us to better understand this entity and, finally, the role of new diagnostic and prognostic tools such as miRNA could improve our ability to manage this pathological entity. Autopsy could benefit from improvements in miRNA research: the specificity and sensitivity of miRNAs could help physicians in determining the cause of death, besides the time of death.