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First Report of Milk Vetch Dwarf Virus Infecting Lily in Korea

2019; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 103; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-02-19-0282-pdn

1943-7692

Hoseong Choi, Yeonhwa Jo, Yujie Zhou, Won Kyong Cho,

Plant Reproductive Biology

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 8First Report of Milk Vetch Dwarf Virus Infecting Lily in Korea PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Milk Vetch Dwarf Virus Infecting Lily in KoreaH. Choi, Y. Jo, Y. Zhou, and W. K. ChoH. ChoiDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Y. JoResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Y. ZhouDepartment of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea, and W. K. Cho†Corresponding author: W. K. Cho; E-mail Address: wonkyong@gmail.comhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-5173Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations H. Choi1 Y. Jo2 Y. Zhou3 W. K. Cho2 † 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea 2Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea 3Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea Published Online:29 May 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-19-0282-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV) is a member of the genus Nanovirus in the family Nanoviridae, composed of eight genomic DNA segments, and is transmitted by aphids (Shirasawa-Seo et al. 2005). MDV infects legume plants including broad beans (Vicia faba L.), peas (Pisum sativum L.), soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), and Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.), causing yellowing and dwarf symptoms. In addition, MDV infects tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) (Yang et al. 2016) and papaya (Carica papaya L.) (Lal et al. 2018). In June 2018, five out of seven oriental lilies (Lilium × hybridum), cultivar 'Medusa' cultivated in Iksan, South Korea, showed strong yellowing in the leaves and dwarf symptoms. To confirm the viral nature of this lily disease, we pooled five flower samples and extracted total RNAs using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Using the NEBNext Ultra RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina, following the manufacturer's instructions (NEB, Ipswich, MA), we generated a single RNA-sequencing library, which was further paired-end sequenced (2 × 100 bp) using Illumina's HiSeq 2000. Raw sequence reads were assembled by a Trinity program with default parameters, and the assembled contigs were subjected to a BLASTn search against NCBI's viral reference database (Jo et al. 2018). We identified four contigs (39 reads) ranging from 457 to 736 bp and two contigs (218 reads) with 994 bp specific to MDV segments DNA-M and DNA-S, respectively. We only identified MDV-associated contigs through RNA sequencing. An assembled contig of 994 bp in length, referred to as the MDV segment DNA-S isolate Medusa, was blasted against NCBI's nucleotide database. The BLASTn result showed that the MDV segment DNA-S isolate Medusa shared 91% nucleotide identity with broad bean No.9 in Japan (GenBank AB044387.1). To confirm the presence of MDV in the sample, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted with MDV DNA-S-specific primers, including 5′-ACAGCTGTCTTTGCTTCGTCTCCA-3′ (position 232 to 255) and 5′-CCTTCATTAATGAAGGGCATTATTGG-3′ (position 950 to 925), based on the MDV reference genome sequence (GenBank NC_003646.1). We amplified a 719-bp PCR product that was cloned, followed by Sanger sequencing. The sequence result confirmed that the MDV isolate Medusa (GenBank MK433284) shared 93% nucleotide identity with MDV isolate VU (GenBank KY070245.1). Moreover, we also obtained the complete sequence of the MDV DNA-M segment (GenBank MK370719) by PCR and Sanger sequencing. We examined 16 other asymptomatic lily cultivars naturally grown in five different plantations for MDV infection through PCR using the same primers and protocol described above. We examined three plants per cultivar. Out of 16 lily cultivars, only Medusa plants (all three) were infected by MDV. We confirmed the absence of the cucumber mosaic virus, lily mottle virus, lily symptomless virus, and Plantago asiatica mosaic virus in the Medusa plants by reverse transcription PCR, indicating a single infection of MDV in the Medusa cultivar. Our study revealed the alternative host of MDV in lily for the first time; however, nothing is known for aphids, which could transmit MDV in Korea. Because lilies are vegetatively propagated, a bulb certification program should include MDV. Moreover, a survey for the presence of Aphis craccivora, the known vector for MDV (Inouye et al. 1968) in lily fields should be carried out, to consider the possibility of the natural spread of this virus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of MDV infecting lily in the world.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Inouye, T., et al. 1968. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn. 34:28. https://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.34.28 Crossref, Google ScholarJo, Y., et al. 2018. Plant Dis. 102:1466. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-17-0134-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarLal, A., et al. 2018. Plant Dis. 102:2666. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-18-0190-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarShirasawa-Seo, N., et al. 2005. J. Gen. Virol. 86:1851. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80790-0 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarYang, J. G., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:1255. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-15-1295-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarH. Choi and Y. Jo contributed equally to this work.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: This work was partially supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, and Forestry (IPET) through the Agri-Bio Industry Technology Development Program, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (117120-01). It was also supported by the "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development" conducted by the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea (No. PJ01320901) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2017R1C1B1007027).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 8 August 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionPistachio fruit infected by Neofusicoccum mediterraneum (Moral et al.). Photo credit: T. J. Michailides. Leaf blight on Hosta ventricosa caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Liu et al.). Photo credit: Z. X. Liu. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 1 Aug 2019Published: 29 May 2019First Look: 8 Apr 2019Accepted: 3 Apr 2019 Page: 2144 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingKorea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, and ForestryGrant/Award Number: 117120-01Rural Development AdministrationGrant/Award Number: PJ01320901National Research FoundationGrant/Award Number: NRF-2017R1C1B1007027Keywordsmilk vetch dwarf viruslilyKoreananovirusThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byFirst report of milk vetch dwarf virus infecting Capsicum annuum L. in Korea15 August 2022 | Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 104, No. 4Simultaneous detection of four lily-infecting viruses by a multiplex RT-PCR assay19 March 2021 | Journal of General Plant Pathology, Vol. 87, No. 4Milk vetch dwarf virus infection in the Solanaceae and Caricaceae families in Southeast Asia5 May 2020 | Plant Pathology, Vol. 69, No. 6