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Evidence for a large-magnitude eruption from Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) at 29 ka

2019; Geological Society of America; Volume: 47; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1130/g45805.1

1943-2682

Paul G. Albert, Biagio Giaccio, Roberto Isaia, Antonio Costa, Elizabeth Niespolo, Sébastien Nomade, Alison Pereira, Paul R. Renne, A. Hinchliffe, Darren F. Mark, Richard J. Brown, Vicki Smith,

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Research Article| April 25, 2019 Evidence for a large-magnitude eruption from Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) at 29 ka P.G. Albert; P.G. Albert 1Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar B. Giaccio; B. Giaccio 2Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, CNR, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R. Isaia; R. Isaia 3Osservatorio Vesuviano, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 80124 Naples, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar A. Costa; A. Costa 4Sezione di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 40128 Bologna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar E.M. Niespolo; E.M. Niespolo 5Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, California 94720-4767, and Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar S. Nomade; S. Nomade 6Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), and Université de Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar A. Pereira; A. Pereira 6Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), and Université de Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France7Ecole française de Rome, Piazza Farnese, 00186 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P.R. Renne; P.R. Renne 5Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, California 94720-4767, and Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar A. Hinchliffe; A. Hinchliffe 8Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, Scotland G75 0QF, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D.F. Mark; D.F. Mark 8Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, Scotland G75 0QF, UK9Department of Earth & Environmental Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R.J. Brown; R.J. Brown 10Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar V.C. Smith V.C. Smith 1Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information P.G. Albert 1Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK B. Giaccio 2Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, CNR, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy R. Isaia 3Osservatorio Vesuviano, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 80124 Naples, Italy A. Costa 4Sezione di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 40128 Bologna, Italy E.M. Niespolo 5Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, California 94720-4767, and Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA S. Nomade 6Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), and Université de Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France A. Pereira 6Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), and Université de Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France7Ecole française de Rome, Piazza Farnese, 00186 Rome, Italy P.R. Renne 5Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, California 94720-4767, and Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA A. Hinchliffe 8Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, Scotland G75 0QF, UK D.F. Mark 8Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, Scotland G75 0QF, UK9Department of Earth & Environmental Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, UK R.J. Brown 10Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK V.C. Smith 1Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 09 Nov 2018 Revision Received: 25 Mar 2019 Accepted: 31 Mar 2019 First Online: 25 Apr 2019 Online Issn: 1943-2682 Print Issn: 0091-7613 © 2019 Geological Society of America Geology (2019) 47 (7): 595–599. https://doi.org/10.1130/G45805.1 Article history Received: 09 Nov 2018 Revision Received: 25 Mar 2019 Accepted: 31 Mar 2019 First Online: 25 Apr 2019 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation P.G. Albert, B. Giaccio, R. Isaia, A. Costa, E.M. Niespolo, S. Nomade, A. Pereira, P.R. Renne, A. Hinchliffe, D.F. Mark, R.J. Brown, V.C. Smith; Evidence for a large-magnitude eruption from Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) at 29 ka. Geology 2019;; 47 (7): 595–599. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G45805.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract The 40 ka caldera-forming eruption of Campi Flegrei (Italy) is the largest known eruption in Europe during the last 200 k.y., but little is known about other large eruptions at the volcano prior to a more recent caldera-forming event at 15 ka. At 29 ka a widespread volcanic ash layer, termed the Y-3 tephra, covered >150,000 km2 of the Mediterranean. The glass compositions of the layer are consistent with Campi Flegrei being the source, but no prominent proximal equivalent in the appropriate chrono-stratigraphic position had been previously identified. Here we report new glass chemistry data and 40Ar/39Ar ages (29.3 ± 0.7 ka [2σ]) that reveal the near-source Y-3 eruption deposit in a sequence at Ponti Rossi and a nearby borehole (S-19) in Naples. The dispersal and thickness of the deposits associated with this eruption, herein named the Masseria del Monte Tuff, were simulated using a tephra sedimentation model. The model indicates that ∼16 km3 dense rock equivalent of the magma erupted was deposited as fall. This volume and the areal distribution suggest that the Masseria del Monte Tuff resulted from a magnitude (M) 6.6 eruption (corresponding to volcanic explosivity index [VEI] 6), similar to the 15 ka caldera-forming Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (M 6.8) eruption at Campi Flegrei. However, the lack of coarse, thick, traceable, near-vent deposit suggests peculiar eruption dynamics. Our reconstruction and modeling of the eruption show the fundamental role that distal tephrostratigraphy can play in constraining the scale and tempo of past activity, especially at highly productive volcanoes. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.