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Reforma da previdência: o golpe fatal na seguridade social brasileira

2019; Centro Brasileiro de Estudos de Saúde; Volume: 43; Issue: 120 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1590/0103-1104201912000

2358-2898

Lenaura de Vasconcelos Costa Lobato, Ana Maria Costa, Maria Lúcia Frizon Rizzotto,

Brazilian Legal Issues

ECONOMIST of the reputable International Monetary Fund (IMF), declared that "capitalism is under serious threat" because it has "stopped providing the masses, and when that happens, the masses rebel against capitalism" 1 ; adding that it may happen sooner than we think.For the economist, governments can no longer ignore social inequality in their economic policies.In that same direction, France's Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire, of Emmanuel Macron's conservative government, which faces strong opposition from the Yellow Jackets movement, has declared that capitalism can collapse if global inequality continues to rise, suggesting a minimum corporate tax to restrict the power of multinational corporations.For the minister, either capitalism 'reinvents' itself, or it will not survive the increase of inequalities around the world 2 .While the statements are primarily concerned with the risks to capitalism rather than with inequality, it is clear that the recognition of global measures must be taken.The advance of financialisation over national resources at the global level has increased the concentration of income, using the suffocation of democratic politics as a legitimate field of intermediation of the conflicts arising from the structural conditions of capitalism.The growth of conservative and far-right nationalist governments associated with the criminalization of social democratic or center-left governments are consequences of this new stage of capitalism.Streeck 3 talks about the current incompatibility between capitalism and democracy, which would have actually prospered for very little time, that is, in the glorious 30 years of the post-World War II period.Even in agreement with the thesis, it must be emphasized that if the set of elements that sustained the golden years have disappeared or become fragile, democratic experience, in the sense of political participation and access to social rights, is capable of creating social roots and values which can be rescued in defense of restricted social rights.The greatest and most perennial experience of social democratization of capitalism is the public pension system.Although created by conservative and authoritarian regimes with the aim of securing the basic precepts of capitalist accumulation, guaranteeing the extensive reproduction of the labor force, these systems grew and were perfected by the intense participation of the organized working class and became the pillar of social rights.In this sense, the reforms carried out in the pension systems have the objective of concentrating the resources of the national States, on the basis of the allegedly necessary fiscal adjustments, but also aim to restrict and suppress the powerful bond of social solidarity that pension systems have generated in Western societies.In Brazil, an unprecedented association between the far-right and economic liberalism took office in January 2019.