Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
First Report of Colletotrichum fructicola , C. nymphaeae , and C. melonis Causing Persimmon Anthracnose in Brazil
2019; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 103; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-12-18-2241-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresThiago de Aguiar Carraro, Paulo S. F. Lichtemberg, Themis J. Michailides, Wagner Vicente Pereira, Josiane Aparecida Gomes Figueiredo, Louise Larissa May De Mio,
Tópico(s)Plant Pathogens and Resistance
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 10First Report of Colletotrichum fructicola, C. nymphaeae, and C. melonis Causing Persimmon Anthracnose in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Colletotrichum fructicola, C. nymphaeae, and C. melonis Causing Persimmon Anthracnose in BrazilT. A. Carraro, P. S. F. Lichtemberg, T. J. Michailides, W. V. Pereira, J. A. G. Figueiredo, and L. L. May-De MioT. A. CarraroDepartamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 80.035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, P. S. F. LichtembergUniversity of California–Davis, Plant Pathology Department, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, T. J. Michailideshttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-9861University of California–Davis, Plant Pathology Department, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, W. V. PereiraDepartamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 80.035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, J. A. G. FigueiredoDepartamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 80.035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, and L. L. May-De Mio†Corresponding author: L. L. May-De Mio; E-mail Address: maydemio@ufpr.brhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4202-4428Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 80.035-050, Curitiba, PR, BrazilAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations T. A. Carraro1 P. S. F. Lichtemberg2 T. J. Michailides2 W. V. Pereira1 J. A. G. Figueiredo1 L. L. May-De Mio1 † 1Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 80.035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil 2University of California–Davis, Plant Pathology Department, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648 Published Online:1 Aug 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-18-2241-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat The persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is mainly produced in the southeast and south of Brazil, where 99% of production occurs. Since 2006, the Laboratory of Epidemiology at the Federal University of Paraná State has received multiple samples of persimmon plant (twigs and fruit) showing typical anthracnose lesions: darkish, sunken, elliptic spots and lesions producing orange masses of conidia. According our estimations, commercial orchards not controlling this disease reach up to 80% of disease incidence, resulting in yield reduction and consequent economic losses. Efforts to understand this disease have been made in the last few years, identifying Colletotrichum horii as the causal agent (May De Mio et al. 2015). In the spring of 2017, symptomatic young twigs, fruit, and flowers were collected from several commercial orchards of persimmon cultivar Fuyu in São Paulo and Paraná States. From the isolates collected, 17 Colletotrichum strains obtained from symptomatic tissues were subjected to the multilocus approach for species identification. For that, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and β-tubulin 2 (TUB2) genes were sequenced with primers ITS1/ITS4, GDR1/GDF1, and T1/BT2b, respectively. BLASTn analyses were conducted in GenBank and revealed high identity levels, near 100% for all tested genes, confirming the presence of four species: Colletotrichum horii (accessions MH750231, ITS; MH750234, GAPDH; and MK526970, TUB2), C. nymphaeae (accessions MH750229, ITS; MH750232, GAPDH; and MK209631, TUB2), C. fructicola (accessions MK208463, ITS; MK208861, GAPDH; and MK205153, TUB2), C. fructicola_2 (accessions MH750230, ITS; MH750233, GAPDH; and MK209630, TUB2), and C. melonis (accessions MK209080, ITS; MK216322, GAPDH; and MK216323, TUB2). Phylogenetic analysis based on Bayesian inference was conducted and confirmed the BLAST results. The reference isolates were used in phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic reassessment for C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum complexes (Damm et al. 2012; Weir et al. 2012). In addition, the species of C. horii, C. nymphaeae, and C. melonis were observed in Paraná, whereas C. fructicola was identified in both surveyed states. The characterization of 100 conidia harvested from 14-day-old colonies cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C and 12-h photoperiod revealed that C. fructicola presented cylindrical and hyaline conidia, with a length and width of 13.2 × 6.2 µm (average 9.7 µm); for C. nymphaeae, conidia were hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, fusiform, and measured 9.54 × 5.29 µm (average 8.35 µm); and for C. melonis, isolates had cylindrical to clavate conidia, which rarely had two acute ends, measuring 14.43 × 7.32 µm (average 10.88 µm). Macromorphological observations of colonies on PDA showed aerial mycelium from white to gray that was white to orange in reverse for C. nymphaeae. For C. fructicola the mycelium varied from gray to dark gray and in reverse was a dense pale gray. For C. melonis the growth was flat with an entire edge of aerial mycelium white to pale honey with an orange conidia mass, and the color was the same in reverse. To confirm pathogenicity, C. fructicola (SP18-6 and PR18-52), C. nymphaeae (PR18-1), and C. melonis (PR18-11) isolates were used in a completely randomized design with 16 replications per tissue and isolate tested. Mycelial plugs (4 mm diameter) and spore suspensions (104 conidia/ml) were used to inoculate wounded and unwounded fruit, twigs, and flowers of cultivar Fuyu. For each plant tissue used, controls were provided by inoculating distilled water and fresh PDA plugs (n = 16 per plant tissue). Disease incidence reached 100% for all isolates used, whereas no disease symptoms were observed on the control. After 10 days of incubation at room temperature, the same field symptoms were observed in all tissues and methodologies and isolates were reisolated, confirming Koch's postulates. Our study demonstrated that in Brazil C. fructicola, C. nymphaeae, and C. melonis can also cause persimmon anthracnose. Considering these findings, comparative epidemiological studies are recommended to differentiate these species and to adopt potential disease management.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Damm, U., et al. 2012. Stud. Mycol. 73:37. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0010 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMay De Mio, L. L., et al. 2015. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 37:256. https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-2945-044/14 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWeir, B. S., et al. 2012. Stud. Mycol. 73:115. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0011 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 10 October 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionBell pepper cv. Bomby infected with zucchini yellow mosaic virus along with cucumber mosaic virus, pepper mild mottle virus, and tobacco mosaic virus (Verma et al.). Photo credit: S. Tripathi. 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Metrics Article History Issue Date: 3 Oct 2019Published: 1 Aug 2019First Look: 7 May 2019Accepted: 2 May 2019 Pages: 2692-2692 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfungitree fruitsDiospyros kakiThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byIdentification and Observation of Infection Processes of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Pearl Plum Anthracnose in Guangxi, ChinaRong Huang, Qing Gui, Yujie Zhang, Wenxiu Sun, Lihua Tang, Suiping Huang, Tangxun Guo, Qili Li, Jianyou Mo, Huiye Huang, Mingzhong Fan, Zongbin Zhang, and Tom Hsiang20 November 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 12Field studies of anthracnose symptoms and pathogen infection in different phases of the persimmon growing season13 March 2022 | Plant Pathology, Vol. 71, No. 5Identification and characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose on persimmon in BrazilFungal Biology, Vol. 126, No. 3Colletotrichum fructicola associated with fruit anthracnose of persimmon10 January 2022 | Journal of Phytopathology, Vol. 170, No. 3Genome Sequence Resource of the Causal Agent of Persimmon Anthracnose, Colletotrichum horii Strain SD010 from ChinaJie Wang, Xianmei Yu, Chengxiang Ai, and Rui Gao6 February 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 2Identification of New Sources of Resistance to Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum horii among Persimmon Germplasms21 February 2022 | Horticulturae, Vol. 8, No. 2Colletotrichum species and complexes: geographic distribution, host range and conservation status29 September 2021 | Fungal Diversity, Vol. 110, No. 1Pest categorisation of Colletotrichum fructicolaEFSA Journal, Vol. 19, No. 8Morphological characterization and molecular identification of Colletotrichum species associated to sweet persimmon anthracnose in Southern Brazil1 January 2021 | Ciência Rural, Vol. 51, No. 9
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